Question

briefly describe the caste based on its hierarchy system and discuss their problem in Socio-politico and economy. 15 mark ​

Answer 1

India's caste system is among the world's oldest forms of surviving social stratification.

Explanation:

• India's caste system, which divides Hindus into various social groups by occupation and birth, is thought to be some 3,000 years old by researchers. The caste system is a religious hierarchy formulated to divide Hindus into rigid groups "based on their karma and their duty
• In the system the Hindus are segregated into 4 different classes based on the 'varna' principle, which literally means 'colour': Brahmin (the class of priests); Kshatriya (the ruling warrior class, & administrative); Vaishyas (craftsmen, farmers, traders); and Shudra (manual workers).
• Such people, including tribal people and the Dalits, formerly called "untouchables," fall outside the system, though its concept is rather controversial.
• The definition of jati also underlies the caste system , which means "born," and divides it into thousands of lineage or kinship-based subgroups which are challenging to define.
• The system contributed to the dominance of the highest castes over the bottoms castes, who have also been repressed by the upper castes. For centuries, intercaste marriage was forbidden, & in villages, higher castes lived separately & did not share  their amenities such as wells.
• When India became independent in 1947, it put in legislation which made it illegal  to discriminate against smaller castes and strengthened its socio-economic status. University recruitment and jobs was subject to quotas. Thus, some Dalits had also taken up leadership positions, such as the Indian constitution's BR Ambedkar and the president-elect KR Narayanan in 1997.
• Given these steps, which have also reinforced some of the distinctions, in modern India there are still differences under the system. Caste-based violence in recent years has also escalated, including several Dalit assaults.
• In rural areas, questions such as casteism and untouchability remain common. This is due to the deeply rooted caste tradition. Such injustice is not only faced by men, but by children too. Whether in the society, schools or even in the playground, there is a lot of caste discrimination against many children. In some circumstances, school meals were served, children with caste schedules were told to sit separately and eat; scheduled caste girls were asked to clean the school toilets; and teachers asked minority children to sit immediately at the back of the classroom.
• The caste system has spread into other religions in India, all with similar forms of social stratification seen in Muslims, Christians, Jains, & Sikhs
• The caste system is, in essence, an oppressive system aimed at separating people on the basis of their status within the society, and is further compounded by the persecution of people by higher classes of lower classes. In this society certain individuals in a given class are treated even worse than others because of some traditionally prejudice.

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How did the caste system in india lead to the marginalized of ...

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