briefly explain important features of measures soil types found in India
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Answer:
Soil groups of India
On the basis of genesis, colour, composition and location, the soils of India have been classified into: (i) Alluvial soils (ii) Black soils (iii) Red and Yellow soils (iv) Laterite soils (v) Arid soils (vi) Saline soils (vii) Peaty soils (viii) Forest soils.
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Three important soils of India are :—
(i) Alluvial Soils :- It is most important and widespread soil of India. The entire northern
plain is made of this soil.
Alluvial have been deposited by three important Himalayan rivers — Ganga, Brahmaputra
and Indus. These soils consist of various proportions of sand, silt, and day. These are of
two types : Khadar and Bangar. They contain potash, phosphoric acid and limestone.
(ii) Black Soil :- These soils are black in colour and are also known as Regur or cotton soils.This type of soil is found in Deccan plateau region and is made up of lava flows.They are well known for their capacity to hold moisture. They are rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.
(ii) Laterite Soil :- Laterite soil develops in areas of high temperature and heavy rainfall.This is the result of intense leaching. Humus content of soil is very low. These are found in Karanataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and the hilly areas of Orissa and Assam.