Question

Briefly explain mendel's findings with respect to : (a) dominant and recessive characters. (b) independent inheritance of traits.Class10

Answer 1

dominant and recessive characteristics are


The terms dominant and recessive describe the inheritance patterns of certaintraits. That is, they describe how likely it is for a certain phenotype to pass from parent offspring. ... An individual with one dominantand one recessive allele for a gene will have the dominantphenotype.

Answer 2

Mendel Experiment Findings

Explanation:

• Mendel  based on his experiments on pea plant found many facts related to  inheritance of characters  from parents to offsprings.  Based on that he proposed laws or principles of inheritance.
• a) Findings related to dominant and recessive traits   . He found that factors ( now called genes), that control characters/traits occur in pairs, one of  which is dominant and other is recessive. Dominant member(dominant allele) of the pair dominates over the other(recessive allele) in a dissimilar pair( i.e in heterozygous condition).  
• This fact was proved by Mendel by doing monohybrid cross. Mendel took  trait-height of pea plant in which tallness is dominant over dwarfness.
• He denoted the allele responsible for tallness by T and for dwarfness by t. A homozygous pea plant having tall height (TT) was crossed with pea plant having short height  ( tt)
• The type of gametes produced  – T and t. Then, the progeny obtained were all with tall height (Tt), as dominant allele T dominates over recessive allele t in dissimilar condition, i.e., heterozygous (Tt) . This proved the law of dominance.
• b) Findings related to independent inheritance of traits
• Mendel also found that when two pairs of traits are combined in a hybrid, one pair of character segregates independent of the other pair of character.
• This  fact was very well explained by Mendel, after completion of dihybrid cross (cross using two characters) on garden pea.
• On the basis of these results Mendel was able to state that the two pairs of characters (seed shape and colour), whilst combining in the F1 generation, separate and behave independently from another in subsequent generations. This forms the basis of Mendel's second law or the principle of independent assortment.