Briefly explain the digestion ocurring due to pancreatic juice
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Some functions of pancreatic juice with sub-enzymes and main working enzymes:
The exocrine part of the pancreas mainly consist of rounded lobules (acini) that secrete an alkaline pancreatic juice which has a pH of 8.4. About 500-800 millilitres of pancreatic juice is secreted per day. The pancreatic juice is carried on by the main pancreatic duct into the duodenum through the help of hepatopancreatic ampulla. The accesory pancreatic duct directly pours the pancreatic juice into the intestinal part of the duodenum. The pancreatic juice mainly contains sodium bicarbonate, three proenzymes; trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase and some enzymes, such as, elastase, pancreatic alpha-amylase, DNase, RNase and pancreatic lipase. The pancreatic juice helps in the digestion of starch, proteins, fats and nucleic acid.
The pancreatic juice contains starch digesting enzyme, called as pancreatic alpha-amylase which converts starch into maltose, isomaltose and alpha-dextrins. Bicarbonate of the pancreatic juice assists in the neutralisation of hydrochloric acid of the chyme (which is a semi-fluid mass) that enters into the duodenum. This happens and assists the polysaccharide, starch, and the main compound carbohydrates.
The pancreatic juice also helps in the digestion of proteins in the small intestine, by the influence or action of pancreatic juice. The pancreatic juice contains the following proenzymes (as given earlier)- trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase and enzyme elastase. All these are concerned with the digestion of the protein component she. The bile provides alkaline medium for various reactions. All the reactions are briefly summarised below.
Trypsinogen (proenzyme) in the presence of Enterokinase of the intestinal juice is converted into trypsin.
Chymotrypsinogen (proenzyme) in the presence of trypsin is converted into chymotrypsin.
Procarboxypeptidase (proenzyme) in the presence of trypsin is converted into carboxypeptidase.
Proteins, peptones and proteoses are acted upon as follows,.
Proteins in the presence of trypsin is converted into dipeptides (dipeptides contain two sets of amino acids).
Peptones in the presence of chymotrypsin os converted into dipeptides.
Proteoses in the presence of carboxypeptidases are converted into dipeptides.
Proelastase (proenzyme) in the presence of trypsin is converted into Elastase.
Elastin in the presence of elastase is converted into dipeptides.
The digestion of nucleic acids which are digested into small intestine are too present in the pancreatic juice and intestinal juice.
In the pancreatic juice it contains two main nucleases: Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) and Ribonuclease (RNase), which are acted upon as follows:
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid in the presence of DNase is converted into Deoxyribonucleotides.
RNA or ribonucleic acid in the presence of RNase is converted into Ribonucleotides.
Lipase is present in the pancreatic juice and the intestinal juice. Pancreatic juices are the principal enzymes used in the digestion of fat. In addition to that, intestinal lipase is also helpful in the digestion of fat. The pancreatic lipase converts emulsified fats (triglyceride fats), first into diglycerides and then monoglycerides, releasing a fatty acid at each step of it. The intestinal lipase converts remaining fats into monoglycerides and the fatty acids. Finally, at the end, all fats are converted into fatty acids, glycerol and monoglycerides.
Note: This question has been previously answered by me, any reports subjected towards this answer will clearly lead to the scrutinizing of the concept and subject itself. This is just to poise the answer as a verified one to help clear the questioners doubt towards that particular concept, subject or matter, depending upon the question asked.
The exocrine part of the pancreas mainly consist of rounded lobules (acini) that secrete an alkaline pancreatic juice which has a pH of 8.4. About 500-800 millilitres of pancreatic juice is secreted per day. The pancreatic juice is carried on by the main pancreatic duct into the duodenum through the help of hepatopancreatic ampulla. The accesory pancreatic duct directly pours the pancreatic juice into the intestinal part of the duodenum. The pancreatic juice mainly contains sodium bicarbonate, three proenzymes; trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase and some enzymes, such as, elastase, pancreatic alpha-amylase, DNase, RNase and pancreatic lipase. The pancreatic juice helps in the digestion of starch, proteins, fats and nucleic acid.
The pancreatic juice contains starch digesting enzyme, called as pancreatic alpha-amylase which converts starch into maltose, isomaltose and alpha-dextrins. Bicarbonate of the pancreatic juice assists in the neutralisation of hydrochloric acid of the chyme (which is a semi-fluid mass) that enters into the duodenum. This happens and assists the polysaccharide, starch, and the main compound carbohydrates.
The pancreatic juice also helps in the digestion of proteins in the small intestine, by the influence or action of pancreatic juice. The pancreatic juice contains the following proenzymes (as given earlier)- trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen and procarboxypeptidase and enzyme elastase. All these are concerned with the digestion of the protein component she. The bile provides alkaline medium for various reactions. All the reactions are briefly summarised below.
Trypsinogen (proenzyme) in the presence of Enterokinase of the intestinal juice is converted into trypsin.
Chymotrypsinogen (proenzyme) in the presence of trypsin is converted into chymotrypsin.
Procarboxypeptidase (proenzyme) in the presence of trypsin is converted into carboxypeptidase.
Proteins, peptones and proteoses are acted upon as follows,.
Proteins in the presence of trypsin is converted into dipeptides (dipeptides contain two sets of amino acids).
Peptones in the presence of chymotrypsin os converted into dipeptides.
Proteoses in the presence of carboxypeptidases are converted into dipeptides.
Proelastase (proenzyme) in the presence of trypsin is converted into Elastase.
Elastin in the presence of elastase is converted into dipeptides.
The digestion of nucleic acids which are digested into small intestine are too present in the pancreatic juice and intestinal juice.
In the pancreatic juice it contains two main nucleases: Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) and Ribonuclease (RNase), which are acted upon as follows:
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid in the presence of DNase is converted into Deoxyribonucleotides.
RNA or ribonucleic acid in the presence of RNase is converted into Ribonucleotides.
Lipase is present in the pancreatic juice and the intestinal juice. Pancreatic juices are the principal enzymes used in the digestion of fat. In addition to that, intestinal lipase is also helpful in the digestion of fat. The pancreatic lipase converts emulsified fats (triglyceride fats), first into diglycerides and then monoglycerides, releasing a fatty acid at each step of it. The intestinal lipase converts remaining fats into monoglycerides and the fatty acids. Finally, at the end, all fats are converted into fatty acids, glycerol and monoglycerides.
Note: This question has been previously answered by me, any reports subjected towards this answer will clearly lead to the scrutinizing of the concept and subject itself. This is just to poise the answer as a verified one to help clear the questioners doubt towards that particular concept, subject or matter, depending upon the question asked.
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