briefly explain the fundamental rights of constitution of India write in long write articles wise
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Fundamental rights are those rights which are essential for intellectual, moral and spiritual development of citizens of India. As these rights are fundamental or essential for existence and all-round development of individuals, they are called 'Fundamental rights'. These are enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the Constitution of India.
These include individual rights common to most, such as equality before the law, freedom of speech and freedom of expression, religious and cultural freedom, Freedom of assembly (peaceful assembly), freedom of religion (freedom to practice religion), right to constitutional remedies[1] for the protection of civil rights by means of writs such as Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Writ of Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto.
Fundamental rights apply universally to all citizens, irrespective of race, birthplace, religion, caste, sexual orientation, gender or gender identity. The Indian Penal Code, Code of Criminal Procedure and other laws prescribe punishments for the violation of these rights, subject to the discretion of the judiciary. Though the rights conferred by the constitution other than fundamental rights are also valid rights protected by the judiciary, in case of fundamental rights violations, the Supreme Court of India can be approached directly for ultimate justice as per Article 32. The Rights have their origins in many sources, including England's Bill of Rights, the United States Bill of Rights and France's Declaration of the Rights of Man. There are six fundamental rights recognised by the Indian constitution
Right to equality (Articles. 14-18)
Right to Freedom (Articles. 19-22)
Right Against Exploitation (Articles. 23-24)
Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles. 25-28)
Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles. 29-30), and
Right to Constitutional remedies (Articles. 32)
1. The right to equality includes equality before the law, the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sexual orientation, gender or gender identity and/or place of birth, equality of opportunity in matters of employment, the abolition of untouchability and abolition of titles.
2. The right to freedom includes freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association or union or cooperatives, movement, residence, and right to practice any profession or occupation.
3. The right against exploitation prohibits all forms of forced labour, child labour and trafficking of human beings. Children under age of 14 are not allowed to work.
4. The right to freedom of religion includes freedom of conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion, freedom to manage religious affairs, freedom from certain taxes and freedom from religious instructions in certain educational institutes.
5. The Cultural and educational Rights preserve the right of any section of citizens to conserve their culture, language or script, and right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
6. The right to constitutional remedies is present for enforcement of fundamental rights.
The right to privacy is an intrinsic part of Article 21 (the Right to Freedom) that protects the life and liberty of the citizens.
The right to privacy is the newest right assured by the Supreme Court of India. It assures the people's data and personal security.
Fundamental rights for Indians have also been aimed at overturning the inequalities of pre-independence social practices. Specifically, they have also been used to abolish untouchability and thus prohibit discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. They also forbid trafficking of human beings and forced labour (a crime). They also protect cultural and educational rights of religious establishments. Right to property was changed from fundamental right to legal right.
After the post-independence era, India brought down some very essential fundamental rights. These rights are guaranteed by the law to every citizen of India. It is important to know what they are so that no one can be deprived of his/her rights.
1. Right to Equality
This right states that all citizens are the same under the law. This means that men and women are equal no matter what religion or caste they belong to. The law will treat a Brahmin woman in the same way that it would treat a Muslim man if they were to break the law.
2. Right to Freedom
The particular law allows the people of the country to censure the government and its policies. They are allowed to organise themselves however they choose and carry out their daily lives in any way they seem fit. Of course within limits. In short, people are able to exist without fear of a higher force such as the government.
3. Right against Exploitation
One should always remember that to be exploited is to be misused. We often see that kids and poor people are especially vulnerable to being exploited. This one of the most important fundamental rights ensures things like education for children and equal pay for equal work.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion
In our country, each and every citizen can practice their choice of religion. Everyone is free to do whatever his/her religion tells them to do. So Muslims fast during Ramzan, Christians during Lent and Hindus during Navaratri. However, in following our religion we should not forget that other people are free to follow theirs and that this is no reason to fight.
5. Cultural and Educational Rights
The main aim of this law is to protect the minorities. We have multiple groups of people who are very less in number. They mostly live in remote areas or have been downtrodden by the old-fashioned society. We can include certain castes and tribes who live in jungles, away from developed big cities and towns. Even a particular segment of public, called Dalits or the small religious groups like the Parsis do come under minorities. All these people have a fundamental right to enjoy all the benefits that the majority of citizens enjoy.
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies
This right is very important for the legal development of the citizens and the country. All citizens have equal right to appeal to the court of law for justice. If they feel they have a threat to life or property or to join the government in order to effect this change.