Question

Briefly explain the Hardy-Schulze rule or law ?

Answer 1

According to Hardy-Schulze rule, greater the valency of the active ion or flocculating ion, greater will be its coagulating power. The coagulation capacity of different electrolytes is different. It depends upon the valency of the active ion are called flocculating ion, which is the ion carrying charge opposite to the charge of the colloidal particles. 

The Hardy Schulze law states the following points: 

- Coagulating power of an electrolyte is directly proportional to the valency of the active ions. 
- The ions which are carrying the charge opposite to that of sol particles are effective in causing coagulation of the sol.

Answer 2

The Hardy-Schulze rule asserts that the higher the valency of an electrolyte's oppositely charged ion, the faster it coagulates.

Schulze–Hardy rule:

• The amount of electrolyte required to coagulate a specific amount of colloidal solution is determined by the valency of the coagulating ion (which is the ion that holds a charge which is opposite to the charge of the colloidal particles).
• Coagulation is the process of colloidal particles clumping together and forming bigger particles that finally settle as a precipitate or float on the surface.
• Coagulation is usually induced by electrolyte supplementation.
• When an electrolyte is given to a colloid, the colloid's particles attractions that are oppositely charged to them, neutralizing the colloid.
• The neutralized particles clump together to create bigger particles, which settle down over time.
• The flocculating or coagulating ions are electrolyte ions that induce the colloid to coagulate.
• The greater the valency of the flocculating ion or coagulating ion, the greater its ability to coagulate, according to Hardy and Schulze.

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