Question

Briefly explain the mechanism of nitrogen function.

Answer 1

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Biological nitrogen fixation is the process in which certain living organisms convert the free nitrogen into those compounds which can be used by plants.

(a) The organisms may be free-living bacteria (e.g., Azotobacter), symbiotic bacteria like Rhizobium or Cyanobacteria.

(b) The enzyme involved in the process is nitrogenase,

which is a Mo-Fe protein.

© During this process, the atmospheric nitrogen is reduced by the addition of hydrogen.

(d) The three bonds between the two nitrogen atoms (N = N) are broken and hydrogen is progressively added to from ammonia.

(e) This fixation requires three components :

(i) ATP, to supply energy.

(ii) A strong reducing agent, to transfer hydrogen atoms.

(iii) The enzyme system (nitrogenase)

(g) The overall reaction is as follows :

Answer 2

Atmospheric nitrogen or elemental nitrogen (N2) is relatively inert: it does not easily react with other chemicals to form new compounds. ... Microorganisms that fix nitrogen are bacteria called diazotrophs. The role of soil bacteria in the Nitrogen cycle: Nitrogen transitions between various biologically useful forms.