briefly explain the role of fungi in various fields
Answers
Answer:
Fungi is used to make life saving medicines
Answer:
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Explanation:
Fungi are important to everyday human life. Fungi are important decomposers in most ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi are essential for the growth of most plants. Fungi, as food, play a role in human nutrition in the form of mushrooms, and also as agents of fermentation in the production of bread, cheeses, alcoholic beverages, and numerous other food preparations. Secondary metabolites of fungi are used as medicines, such as antibiotics and anticoagulants. Fungi are model organisms for the study of eukaryotic genetics and metabolism.
Yeast is a facultative anaerobe. This means that alcohol fermentation takes place only if:
the temperature is close to 37°C
the atmosphere does not contain oxygen
sugar is provided to the cells
light is provided to the cells
B
The advantage of yeast cells over bacterial cells to express human proteins is that:
yeast cells grow faster
yeast cells are easier to manipulate genetically
yeast cells are eukaryotic and modify proteins similarly to human cells
yeast cells are easily lysed to purify the proteins
C
Why are fungal insecticides an attractive alternative to chemical pesticides for growing food crops?
Human consumption of fungal insecticides would not make a person sick, but ingestion of chemical pesticides can be harmful to humans.
A single fungal insecticide would kill a wider variety of insects than a chemical pesticide.
Fungal insecticides can eliminate both harmful insects and plant pathogens, while chemical pesticides only kill insects.
Fungal insecticides will decompose dying plants, enhancing the nitrogen content of the soil, while chemical pesticides are not decomposers.
A
Critical Thinking Questions
Historically, artisanal breads were produced by capturing wild yeasts from the air. Prior to the development of modern yeast strains, the production of artisanal breads was long and laborious because many batches of dough ended up being discarded. Can you explain this fact?
The dough is often contaminated by toxic spores that float in the air. It was one of Louis Pasteur’s achievements to purify reliable strains of baker’s yeast to produce bread consistently.
How would treating an area of a forest with a broad-spectrum fungicide alter the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the area?
Fungi are important decomposers in ecosystems, ensuring that dead plants and animals are broken down into smaller molecules that can be used by other members of the ecosystem. Without fungi, decaying organic matter would accumulate in the forest.
In the carbon cycle, fungi decompose organic matter into small carbon-containing compounds. This process releases carbon dioxide back into the air for plants to use during the carbon-fixation steps of photosynthesis.
In the nitrogen cycle, decomposition by fungi also releases nitrogen for use by living organisms. In this cycle, the nitrogen is released from organic compounds in the form of ammonia.