Question

Bring out the similarities and differences in process of fertilization in plants and human beings.​

Answer 1

Fertilisation or fertilization (see spelling differences), also known as generative fertilisation, insemination, pollination,[1]fecundation, syngamy and impregnation,[2] is the fusion of gametes to initiate the development of a new individual organism or offspring.[3] This cycle of fertilisation and development of new individuals is called sexual reproduction. During double fertilisation in angiosperms the haploid male gamete combines with two haploid polar nuclei to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus by the process of vegetative fertilisation.

• The gametes that participate in fertilisation of plants are the pollen (male), and the egg (female) cell. Various families of plants have differing methods by which the female gametophyte is fertilized. In Bryophyte land plants, fertilisation takes place within the archegonium. In flowering plants a second fertilisation event involves another sperm cell and the central cell which is a second female gamete. In flowering plants there are two sperm from each pollen grain.

The mechanics behind fertilisation has been studied extensively in sea urchins and mice. This research addresses the question of how the sperm and the appropriate egg find each other and the question of how only one sperm gets into the egg and delivers its contents. There are three steps to fertilisation that ensure species-specificity:

Chemotaxis

Sperm activation/acrosomal reaction

Sperm/egg adhesion

Answer 2

Similarities:

• Fusion of gametes occurs in both plants and humans.
• Movement of make gamete towards female gamete in both.
• Formation of zygote followed by formation of embryo.

Differences:

• In plants pollination occurs, in humans copulation takes place to bring the male and female gametes together.
• In plants, self fertilizatiin can take place. In animals, it is rarely found.