brownian motion on the thermal conductivity enhancement of nanofluids
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A mixture of nanoparticles and base liquid called nanofluid
has proved to be a highly effective method of enhancing
heat transfer. Nanofluids possess high thermal conductivity
and good suspension characteristics since the suspended
crystalline solids and metals have thermal conductivities that
are three orders of magnitude larger than that of the base
liquids.
Thermal conductivity measurements of silica, copper,
copper oxide, and aluminum oxide nanoparticles suspended
in water and ethylene glycol have generated a lot of interest.
Energy transport in such a nanofluid is affected not only by
the size of the nanoparticle1 and the volume fraction of the
dispersed medium but also on the pH of the solution.2 High
effective conductivity has been measured in copper-ethylene
glycol suspensions3 along with the modest enhancements for
silver particles in water and toluene.4