Bureucratic government or political government who actually runs this country
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which country
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In any democratic country, it is the politicians who represent the aspirations, opinions and voice of the people. People elect politicians who they feel best represent what they stand for, and implement what they believe the country needs. If the views of the people change or the government performs poorly, the ruling party gets voted out, and a new set of politicians (possibly representing a different ideology), again chosen by the people, are given a fresh chance. These politicians then go on to frame laws in the legislature, The Parliament, depending on the people's wishes and the party ideology.
Bureaucrats, on the other hand, are people who have strong knowledge and experience in certain fields of policy and governance - and thus, will know how exactly to implement certain policies planned by the government, and what the potential problems can be. In India, the IAS is the main channel through which politicians channelize their ideas and plans into successful on-ground implementation. Bureaucrats are chosen on the basis of sheer merit, and are not elected by the people. Instead, they use the laws passed by the politicians mentioned above as a framework to devise implementable solutions that are in line with those laws. They use their strong domain knowledge and years of practical experience to bring to fruition the plans and wishes of the country's people, which are represented and embodied by the politicians (and the laws that they make).
Thus, it is crucial that both politicians and bureaucrats work constructively together in tandem towards the development of the nation. A politician alone can understand the pulse of the people and know exactly what the people in his constituency demand - but may not be able to come up with practical solutions to properly tackle issues - which often require interdisciplinary knowledge across a variety of social and technological issues that only a bureaucrat can appreciate. A bureaucrat, on the other hand, may devise idealistic or unpopular solutions to several issues without knowing what the people (who will be most affected by his decisions) actually expect. Neither can do it without the other - both the intellect and skill of the bureaucrat, and a sense of the popular opinion and ideological direction that the politician brings, are required.
There are even several cases where a politician and a bureaucrat serve different, independent roles that the other cannot perform - for instance, one cannot have a politician as the head of the CBI, CAG and other regulatory agencies since they strictly require political neutrality. A good example of this would be the relationship between the Finance Minister and the RBI Governor - the Government would always like to spend a lot of money to boost economic growth, but that would lead to high inflation. Thus, the two functions of 1) boosting economic growth and 2) keeping inflation under check cannot be both given to the same entity due to the conflict of interest - which is where the RBI's role comes in. The Government - consisting of politicians elected by the popular vote - try to boost economic growth, while the RBI - headed by a non-elected but knowledgeable bureaucrat - keeps inflation under control by regulating interest rates even if that means slowing down economic growth. Both balance each other, and both are necessary for developing overall healthy policies for a fundamentally strong economy. Please see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ce...
Well, if all this is the case - then why are our lawmaking politicians still performing poorly? We must keep in mind that in a democracy, the people get what they deserve. If they perform badly, it is the duty of the people to make an informed choice and bring about a change. But at the end of the day, the politician you get is the politician a majority of people wanted. No matter how crooked he/she might be, they still serve as a good representation of the people of the region - winning an election
Bureaucrats, on the other hand, are people who have strong knowledge and experience in certain fields of policy and governance - and thus, will know how exactly to implement certain policies planned by the government, and what the potential problems can be. In India, the IAS is the main channel through which politicians channelize their ideas and plans into successful on-ground implementation. Bureaucrats are chosen on the basis of sheer merit, and are not elected by the people. Instead, they use the laws passed by the politicians mentioned above as a framework to devise implementable solutions that are in line with those laws. They use their strong domain knowledge and years of practical experience to bring to fruition the plans and wishes of the country's people, which are represented and embodied by the politicians (and the laws that they make).
Thus, it is crucial that both politicians and bureaucrats work constructively together in tandem towards the development of the nation. A politician alone can understand the pulse of the people and know exactly what the people in his constituency demand - but may not be able to come up with practical solutions to properly tackle issues - which often require interdisciplinary knowledge across a variety of social and technological issues that only a bureaucrat can appreciate. A bureaucrat, on the other hand, may devise idealistic or unpopular solutions to several issues without knowing what the people (who will be most affected by his decisions) actually expect. Neither can do it without the other - both the intellect and skill of the bureaucrat, and a sense of the popular opinion and ideological direction that the politician brings, are required.
There are even several cases where a politician and a bureaucrat serve different, independent roles that the other cannot perform - for instance, one cannot have a politician as the head of the CBI, CAG and other regulatory agencies since they strictly require political neutrality. A good example of this would be the relationship between the Finance Minister and the RBI Governor - the Government would always like to spend a lot of money to boost economic growth, but that would lead to high inflation. Thus, the two functions of 1) boosting economic growth and 2) keeping inflation under check cannot be both given to the same entity due to the conflict of interest - which is where the RBI's role comes in. The Government - consisting of politicians elected by the popular vote - try to boost economic growth, while the RBI - headed by a non-elected but knowledgeable bureaucrat - keeps inflation under control by regulating interest rates even if that means slowing down economic growth. Both balance each other, and both are necessary for developing overall healthy policies for a fundamentally strong economy. Please see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ce...
Well, if all this is the case - then why are our lawmaking politicians still performing poorly? We must keep in mind that in a democracy, the people get what they deserve. If they perform badly, it is the duty of the people to make an informed choice and bring about a change. But at the end of the day, the politician you get is the politician a majority of people wanted. No matter how crooked he/she might be, they still serve as a good representation of the people of the region - winning an election
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Bureaucracy refers to both a body of non- elective government officials and an administrative policy-making ... The public administration in many countries is an example of a ...
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