Question

Burning fuels releases carbon dioxide, a green house gas,which causes climate changes and leads to global warming.collect information about this through news papers,magazines etc.and prepare a report.

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Absorb Chemistry for GCSE by Lawrie Ryan

                     Select a topic...                Introduction                The fire triangle                Burning hydrocarbons                Incomplete combustion                  Summary                Exercises

Burning Fuels

Introduction

Whenever you get on a train, bus or aeroplane, you are about to be transported by the energy we get from burning a fuel. In this unit we will look at the chemistry of burning hydrocarbon fuels – our main source of energy for transport at present.

The fire triangle

A fuel is a store of chemical energy that we convert into useful energy to do a job for us. For example, we can use the energy stored in natural gas to cook our food. To release this stored energy, we usually burn the fuel. Burning is a chemical reaction in which the fuel reacts with oxygen gas from the air. We call this type of reaction a combustion reaction. 

To start off the reaction, we have to supply heat energy to the fuel. Once it starts burning, the reaction gives out energy and this keeps the reaction going. So the three things we need for a fuel to burn are a supply of the fuel, oxygen, and heat. We can summarize this in the 'fire triangle'. (See Fig.1 below). If we remove one part of the fire triangle, the fuel no longer burns.

Figure 1.  The fire triangle.

Match the type of fire to the best way to put it out. A house fire                                                              Cut off the fuel                                Cut off the oxygen                                Remove the heat  Gas burning from a crack in a mains pipe                                                              Cut off the fuel                                Cut off the oxygen                                Remove the heat  A paper fire in a metal dustbin                                                              Cut off the fuel                                Cut off the oxygen                                Remove the heat  

Burning hydrocarbons

Natural gas is mainly methane, CH4. Methane is an example of a 

hydrocarbon(a 

compound containing hydrogen and carbon only). Petrol also contains a mixture of hydrocarbons (such as octane, C8H18). In this section we will see what products we get when a hydrocarbon burns. Look at the diagram below in which wax is the burning hydrocarbon:

Figure 2.  Testing the products of combustion.



Look at the results of the experiment below: