Question

By adding only one solution how will you distinguish between dil. Hcl and dil.Nitric acid

Answer 1

$\huge {ANSWER}$

◼Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong volatile acid and shows all acidic properties.

◼Nitric acid${(HNO_3)}$ is a highly corrosive volatile acid and does not shows all acidic properties.

To distinguish between these two , we can use silver nitrate.

$\bold{STEPS:-}$

▶Take two test tubes. In test tube A take HCl and in test tube B take ${HNO_3}$

▶Add a little amount of silver nitrate ${AgNO_3}$.

$\bold{OBSERVATION }$

▶In test tube A, a curdy white precipitate of silver chloride ${AgCl}$ is formed by double displacement reaction of the radicals.

▶In test tube B, there is no reaction as the radical of the ${HNO_3}$ is same as of ${AgNO_3}$.

$\bold{EQUATIONS }$

TEST TUBE A,

⚫${HCl + AgNO_3 \longrightarrow HNO3 + AgCl\downarrow(curdy \: white \: precipitate) }$

TEST TUBE B,

⚫${HNO + AgNO_3 \longrightarrow No \: reaction}$