by working on the topic upthrust in fluids and laws of motion i will be able to (describe in your own words)
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Have you ever wondered why there is some resistance when you try to push an object inside water? Have you tried to find out why do you find it difficult to push that object further into the water? Read on to get an answer.
Whenever you try to push an object inside water, it exerts an upward force or an upthrust which is nothing but the buoyant force. It is due to this buoyant force that you will feel lighter when you are inside a swimming pool.
Archimedes’ principle is explained based on this upthrust. In this topic, you will learn more about upthrust in fluids and Archimedes’ principle.
Characteristic properties of Upthrust and Definition of Upthrust
When a body is partially or wholly immersed in a liquid, an upward force acts on it.
This upward force is known as upthrust or buoyant force.
It is denoted by the symbol FB .
Its unit is newton (N) or kgf.
Definition of Buoyancy
The property of a liquid to exert an upward force on a body immersed in it is called buoyancy.
For example, while pushing a cork into water, our fingers experience the net upward force.
Like liquids, gases also have the property of buoyancy i.e. a body immersed in a gas also experiences an upthrust.
For example, a balloon filled with hydrogen rises up because of upthrust.
Condition for a body to float or sink in fluid
If FB > W or FB = W, the body will float.
If FB < W, the body will sink.
FB = upthrust or buoyant force acting vertically upwards.
W = weight of the body acting vertically downwards.
How will the body float
For FB > W
The body will float with only that much part (partly immersed) of it inside the liquid, the upthrust due to which becomes equal to the weight of the body.
For FB = W
The body will float with the whole of it immersed inside the fluid.
For a floating body, the net force acting downwards (i.e. apparent weight) is zero.
Effect of Upthrust
The effect of upthrust is that the weight of the body immersed in a liquid appears to be less than its actual weight.
Larger the volume of the body submerged in fluid, greater is the upthrust.
More the density of the fluid, greater is the upthrust.
The upthrust acts on a body in an upward direction at the centre of gravity of the displaced fluid which is called the centre of buoyancy.
Factors affecting the Upthrust
The magnitude of upthrust on a body due to a liquid depends on:
Volume of the body submerged in the liquid (or fluid).
Density of the liquid (or fluid) in which the body is submerged.
Magnitude of upthrust = FB = Volume of body submerged in liquid × density of liquid.
Mathematical Proof
Upthrust is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced.
Consider a solid cylinder of height ‘h’ and area of cross-section A, to be completely immersed in a fluid of constant density p.
FB = h₂pgA – h₁pgA = A(h₂ – h₁)pg = Vpg.
V is the volume of cylinder submerged in liquid.
Upthrust = weight of the liquid displace.
The bodies of average density greater than that of liquid, sink in it.
The bodies of average density equal to or smaller than that of liquid, float in it.
Archimedes’ Principle
Archimedes’ principle states that when a body is immersed partially or completely in a liquid, it experiences an upthrust, which is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by it.
By working on the topic that raises fluids and rules of motion I will be able to:
- The different concepts discussed are movement, Archimedes' principle, floating, relationship and congestion, related congestion, and the determination of relative density.
- The chapter provides students with a detailed description of concepts such as ascension and ascension, as well as the various cases, aspects of up thrust, Archimedes' system, and the definition of different cases with different congestion, the concept of related congestion, the willingness to test RD with varying complexity.
- Floating, floating goal, correlation between volume of the immersed part of the floating body, liquid density and body.
- So, the relationship between the up thrust and the actual weight of the floating object is such that the push-up is equal to the actual weight, and as the thrust moves upwards it is equal to the weight of the liquid being removed and the floating body removes its floating fluid (floatation law).
- Its actual weight should be equal to the top throw.