C. Brief Explanatory Questions
1. Name the two major types of ecosystems.
2. Give two examples of each of the following:
(i) Terrestrial ecosystems (ii) Aquatic ecosystems
(iii) Artificial ecosystems (iv) Freshwater ecosystems
(v) Standing water ecosystems
3. How is an artificial ecosystem different from a natural terrestrial ecosystem?
4. Give one major difference between desert and grassland ecosystems.
5. Define lotic and lentic ecosystems.
Answers
Answer
- There are two types of ecosystem:
- Terrestrial Ecosystem.
- Aquatic Ecosystem.
2.A terrestrial ecosystem is a
land-based community of organisms and the interactions of biotic and abiotic components in a given area. Examples of terrestrial e ecosystems include the tundra, taigas, temperate deciduous forests, tropical rainforests, grasslands, and deserts.
Examples of aquatic ecosystem include oceans, lakes and rivers. An aquatic ecosystem includes freshwater habitats like lakes, ponds, rivers, oceans and streams, wetlands, swamp, etc. and marine habitats include oceans, intertidal zone, reefs, seabed and so on.
The artificial ecosystem includes dams, gardens, parks which are made by humans. The zoos, aquariums and botanical gardens are examples of artificial ecosystems which are maintained with the objective of conserving biodiversity.
Freshwater ecosystems are a subset of Earth's aquatic ecosystems. They include lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, springs, bogs, and wetlands. They can be contrasted with marine ecosystems, which have a larger salt content.
Answer: Lakes and ponds are the most common types of standing-water ecosystems. Can also include bogs, prairie potholes, swamps, and freshwater marshes. The top-level of a standing-water ecosystem supports the plankton community.
3.A natural ecosystem has a diverse amount of species and plants, whereas artificial ecosystems are limited. Natural ecosystems are self-sustaining and result from spontaneous natural reaction, while artificial ecosystems require the assistance of humans. ... Without humans, this ecosystem could not sustain itself.
4.The soil of desert regions are dry and mostly made out of sand. And this type of soil is not fertile at all. But,the soil of the grassland is fertile and contains enough amount of moisture and other necessary soil nutrients. ... Grasslands are well populated because grasslands are the best place for animal husbandry.
5.The term lentic (from the Latin lentus, meaning slow or motionless), refers to standing waters such as lakes and ponds (lacustrine), or swamps and marshes (paludal), while lotic (from the Latin lotus, meaning washing), refers to running water (fluvial or fluviatile) habitats such as rivers and streams.