C. Long answer questions:
1. Explain with the help of a flow chart the systemic and pulmonary circulation in heart
2. Mention any four functions of Lymph.
3. Write any six differences between Artery and Vein.
4. Describe the working of human heart
5. mention any four difference between blood and lymph.
Answers
1. Pulmonary circulation moves blood between the heart and the lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood then flows back to the heart. Systemic circulation moves blood between the heart and the rest of the body.
2.Lymph performs many important functions. A few major functions of lymph are mentioned below:
• It keeps the body cells moist.
• It transports oxygen, hormones and nutrients to different parts of the body and removes metabolic waste from the cells.
• It transports antibodies and lymphocytes to the blood.
• Maintaining the composition of tissue fluid and the volume of blood.
• Absorption of fats from the small intestine occurs through lymphatic vessels.
• Prevents invasion of microbes and foreign substances inside the lymph nodes.
Watch the below video to learn more about blood and lymph composition in humans and important questions with explanations on the topic.
4. The heart is divided into four chambers and has valves that allow the blood to flow in one direction only.
The upper two chambers with relatively thin walls are called atria.
The two lower chambers with thick muscular walls are called ventricles.
The figure shows the complete circulatory system in the body.
The right atrium receives carbon dioxide-rich blood from the various parts of the body and is then moved into the right ventricle.
The right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is removed and oxygen is absorbed.
The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood as it comes back to the heart from the lungs and is pushed into the left ventricle.
The left ventricle pumps this blood to the rest of the body.
The right side of the heart is completely separated from the left side with the help of a partition called the septum. This prevents the mixing of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood.
