Question

C. SHORT ANSWER TYPE
1. What is the difference between chromatin fibre
and chromosome ?
2. What are the rungs of the “DNA ladder" made
of?
3. Correct the following statements if there is any
mistake.
(a) The four nitrogenous bases in the DNA are
Guanine, Thiamine, Adrenaline and Cytosine.
(b) Genes are specific sequences of bases on a
chromosome.
(c) A nucleotide is composed of a sulphate, a sugar
(pentose) and a nitrogenous base.
(d) Nucleosomes are groups of cysteine molecules
surrounded by DNA strands.
(e) If there are 46 chromosomes in a cell, there will be
23 chromatin fibres inside the nucleus during
interphase.
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Answer 1

Answer:

Chromatin

Chromatin is located in the nucleus of our cell. It is composed of DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes. It compresses the DNA structure into a compact unit so that it can fit within the nucleus. The histone proteins organize the DNA into special structures called nucleosomes. The nucleosome further folds to form a chromatin fibre.

Chromosomes

The DNA is packed into thread-like structures called chromosomes. The DNA is tightly coiled around histone proteins several times to form a chromosome. These are formed by the condensation of chromatin fibres.