C. Short answer type questions
1. What are the different types of microorganisms? Give one example of each of their type.
2. What are fungi?
3. List some commercial uses of microorganisms.
4. What is vaccination?
5. Why are viruses difficult to be considered living or non-living?
6. What are the different modes of transmission of microbes?
7. What are antibiotics?
8. What is pasteurisation?
Answers
Answer:
ans1:algae
fungi
protozoa
viruses here is an example of fungi:mushrooms
ans2:("fungus") + Latin virus), also known as mycophages, are viruses that infect fungi.
ans3:Microorganisms can be useful in making Bread using yeast. Microorganisms can be useful in making vinegar (acetic acid). Microorganisms can be useful in making some organic medicines. Microorganisms can be useful in making Urea for soil fertility.
ans4:treatment with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease; inoculation.
ans5:Viruses are not living things. Viruses are complicated assemblies of molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, but on their own they can do nothing until they enter a living cell. Without cells, viruses would not be able to multiply. Therefore, viruses are not living things.
ans6:The modes (means) of transmission are: Contact (direct and/or indirect), Droplet, Airborne, Vector and Common Vehicle. The portal of entry is the means by which the infectious microorganisms gains access into the new host. This can occur, for example, through ingestion, breathing, or skin puncture.
ans7:a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.
"course of antibiotics"
ans8:the partial sterilization of a product, such as milk or wine, to make it safe for consumption and improve its keeping quality.