Question

C. the hill cipher succumbs to a known plain text attack if sufficient plaintext-ciphertext pairs are provided. It is even easier to solve hill cipher if a chosen plain text can be mounted. Describe such an attack.

Answer 1

Invented by Lester S. Hill in 1929, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra. Hill used matrices and matrix multiplication to mix up the plaintext.

To counter charges that his system was too complicated for day to day use, Hill constructed a cipher machine for his system using a series of geared wheels and chains. However, the machine never really sold.

Hill's major contribution was the use of mathematics to design and analyse cryptosystems. It is important to note that the analysis of this algorithm requires a branch of mathematics known as number theory. Many elementary number theory text books deal with the theory behind the Hill cipher, with several talking about the cipher in detail (e.g. Elementary Number Theory and its applications, Rosen, 2000). 


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