(c) the intake of food into the body
a fleshy muscular organ present in our mouth
(b) the finger-like projection found in Amoeba for movement and to capture foo
(d) the digestive juice secreted by the liver
(e) the enzyme found in saliva secreted in the mouth
(b) a gland that secretes juice containing fat-digesting enzymes
3. Give one example for each of the following:
(a) an animal having four-chambered stomach
(c) a juice that acts only on carbohydrates
(d) an enzyme helps in digesting protein food
(e) type of teeth which help in biting
4. Differentiate between
(a) incisors and molars (b) small intestine and large intestine (c) ingestic
5. Explain the following terms:
(a) villi
(b) absorption
(c) assimilation
6. Name the five stages involved in the
process of digestion.
7. Discuss nutrition in Amoeba with the help of a diagram.
(d) rumination
F B
Answers
Answer:
Milk after reaching the stomach,is acted upon by the proteolytic enzyme pepsin. Pepsin hydrolyzes the milk protein, Casein (soluble) into insoluble paracasein which precipitates as calcium paracaseinate to form semi solid curd. This is known as coagulation of milk. Rennin promotes the coagulation process in the stomach of infants.
The digestion of fats begins in the small intestine. Bile juice secreted by the liver emulsifies the fat into smaller fat globules so as to increase the surface area for the lipase to act. Pancreatic lipase then acts on the globules and convert it into di- and monoglycerides. The enzymes in the succus entericus act on the end product of the above reaction to form the simple absorbable form. Lipases present in the succus entericus converts the di- and monoglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol.
The polysaccharides(starch) is digested by various enzymes produced in the digestive tract. The polysaccharides are broken down to oligosaccharides and disaccharides which are further digested to form monosaccharides which are simple sugars.
Digestion of Polysaccharides.
Action of Saliva Starch −→−−−−−−−AmylaseSalivary→AmylaseSalivary Maltose ++ Isomaltose +α+α - Dextrins
Action of Pancreatic Juice
Starch −→−−−−−−−−−α−AmylasePancreatic→α−AmylasePancreatic Maltose ++ Isomaltose +α+α-Dextrins
Digestion of Disaccharides
Action of intestinal juice
Maltose −→−−−−−−−Maltase→Maltase Glucose ++ Glucose
Isomaltose −→−−−−−−−−−Isomaltase→Isomaltase Glucose ++ Glucose
Dextrins −→−−−−−−−−−−−α−Dextrinase→α−Dextrinase Glucose
These simple sugars are then absorbed in jejunum and ileum region of small intestine.
Bile salts help in the emulsification of the fats i.e. breaking down of the fat into very small micelles so as to increase the surface area for the lipase to act and thus aiding in the digestion of fats. Fatty acids and glycerol being insoluble, cannot be absorbed into the blood. They are first turned into small droplets called micelles with the help of bile salts which move into intestinal mucosa. They are re-formed into very small protein coated fat globules called chylomicrons which are transported into the lacteals in the villi. Lacteals ultimately release the absorbed substances into the blood stream.
Explanation:
Answer:
c) tongue
b)
d) bile
e) amylase
f) Pancreas
3)a)cattle ,sheep goat etc
c) enzyme maltase
d) chymotrypsin and trypsin.
e) Incisors
4)a) --Incisors - Your incisors are eight teeth in the front center of your mouth (four on both bottom and top). These are typically the first adult teeth that a child will get, coming in when the child is between six and eight years old. Incisors are the teeth that you use to bite into your food.
--Molars - Your molars are your largest teeth. Their function is similar to that of the premolars, to grind, tear, and crush food. Molars have a large flat biting surface which makes them perfect for this job.
b) --The small intestine is made up of three segments, which form a passage from your stomach (the opening between your stomach and small intestine is called the pylorus) to your large intestine
--Your large intestine is about five feet (or 1.5 meters) long. The large intestine is much broader than the small intestine and takes a much straighter path through your belly, or abdomen. The purpose of the large intestine is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over. By the time food mixed with digestive juices reaches your large intestine, most digestion and absorption has already taken place.
What's left is mainly fiber (plant matter which takes a long time to digest), dead cells shed from the lining of your intestines, salt, bile pigments (which give this digested matter its color), and water. In the large intestine, bacteria feed on this mixture. These helpful bacteria produce valuable vitamins that are absorbed into your blood, and they also help digest fiber
5)a) --Villi are tiny, finger-like projections from the wall of the small intestine.
b)--Absorption refers to the movement of nutrients, water and electrolytes from the lumen of the small intestine into the cell, then into the blood.
c)--Assimilation is the movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used.
6) The digestive processes are ingestion, propulsion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption, and defecation
7) process called phagocytosis where the entire organism pretty much engulfs the food it plans on eating up. The mode of nutrition in amoeba is known as holozoic nutrition. It involves the ingestion, digestion and egestion of food material
d) Rumination or cud-chewing is the process by which the cow regurgitates previously consumed feed and chews it further.
Mark me brainlist !
