c) What do you conclude about the destruction of this civilisation and why?
Answers
Answered by
1
The urban phase of Harappan civilization last beween 2700 BCE to 1900 BCE. There are many thesis given for decline of such a flourishing civilization but we doesn’t know the exact reasons behind its decline. Some of the popular theories are as follow.
1.Some historians think that harappan civilization was destroyed by the invading ARYANS. They tried to connect the harappa as the city hariyupiya(mentioned in Rigveda). In The Wonder That Was India, A L Basham presented a dramatic picture of the decline of the Harappan civilisation. According to him, from 3000 BCE, invaders were present in the region. they made their move on Mohenjo-daro. The people of Mohenjo-daro fled, but were cut down by the invaders; the skeletons that were discovered proved this invasion. Basham concluded that the Indus cities fell to barbarians “who triumphed not only through greater military prowess, but also because they were equipped with better weapons, and had learnt to make full use of the swift and terror-striking beats of the steppes.” Sir R Mortimer Wheeler claimed these horse riding invaders were none other than Aryans. their god Indra is also given name Purander (destroyer of forts) these forts may points towrds the harappan citadels.
2.some historians believed that Mohenjo-daro was destroyed due to tectonic shifts in the region. According to one version , tectonic movements blocked the course of lower Indus river which must have caused floods that submerged the city.
3. An opposing and the currently favoured theory suggests that instead of submerging in water, the city was starved of water. This happened because Indus shifted away from Mohenjo-daro, thus disrupting the crop cycle as well as the river-based communication network.
4. Decline in trade also considered as a reason behind decline of harappans.
1.Some historians think that harappan civilization was destroyed by the invading ARYANS. They tried to connect the harappa as the city hariyupiya(mentioned in Rigveda). In The Wonder That Was India, A L Basham presented a dramatic picture of the decline of the Harappan civilisation. According to him, from 3000 BCE, invaders were present in the region. they made their move on Mohenjo-daro. The people of Mohenjo-daro fled, but were cut down by the invaders; the skeletons that were discovered proved this invasion. Basham concluded that the Indus cities fell to barbarians “who triumphed not only through greater military prowess, but also because they were equipped with better weapons, and had learnt to make full use of the swift and terror-striking beats of the steppes.” Sir R Mortimer Wheeler claimed these horse riding invaders were none other than Aryans. their god Indra is also given name Purander (destroyer of forts) these forts may points towrds the harappan citadels.
2.some historians believed that Mohenjo-daro was destroyed due to tectonic shifts in the region. According to one version , tectonic movements blocked the course of lower Indus river which must have caused floods that submerged the city.
3. An opposing and the currently favoured theory suggests that instead of submerging in water, the city was starved of water. This happened because Indus shifted away from Mohenjo-daro, thus disrupting the crop cycle as well as the river-based communication network.
4. Decline in trade also considered as a reason behind decline of harappans.
Similar questions