Question

Cabinet system of uk

Answer 1

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The Cabinet of the United Kingdom is the collective decision-making body of Her Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom , composed of the Prime Minister and 21 cabinet ministers, the most senior of the government ministers .

Ministers of the Crown, and especially Cabinet ministers, are selected primarily from the elected members of House of Commons , and from the House of Lords , by the Prime Minister . Cabinet ministers are usually heads of government departments , mostly with the office of " Secretary of State for [ function; e.g., Defence ]". However some cabinet ministers can be ministers without portfolio , either directly as such or (more commonly) by holding sinecure posts such as Lord Privy Seal , or otherwise empty titles such as

First Secretary of State . Certain other cabinet ministers are in a somewhat hybrid position, where they have a portfolio, but do not head a government department; the Lord President of the Council being such an example, where that office has accreted a collection of responsibilities over time, but which does not have a Lord President's Department attached to it. Whilst generally the most powerful and/or prestigious members of the Cabinet head critical ministries such as the Foreign Office, ministers without portfolio can also be important components, for example Michael Heseltine as Deputy Prime Minister in the Second Major ministry . By far the most powerful Cabinet Minister, the Prime Minister, heads no department, though the Prime Minister's Office co-ordinates their oversight of the whole government.

The collective co-ordinating function of the Cabinet is reinforced by the statutory position that all the Secretaries of State jointly hold the same office, and can exercise the same powers . This does not, however, apply to the non-secretaries of state in the Cabinet such as the Leader of the House of Commons (when such office of Cabinet rank). Technically, therefore, the Cabinet is composed of many more people than legal offices, since the Secretary of Stateship is actually in commission, as is the position of Lord High Treasurer, with the Prime Minister and Chancellor being the First and Second Lords of the Treasury respectively.

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