Calculate in details, the phenotype ratio for pod colour & pod texture, with the help of
an activity. (
Answers
Answer:
Peas had been shown to be true-breeding (all offspring will have the same characteristic generation after generation).
Peas exhibit a variety of contrasting traits (purple vs. white flowers; round vs. wrinkled seeds).
The shape of the pea flower protected it from foreign pollen. Peas usually reproduce by self-pollination, in which pollen produced by a flower fertilizes eggs in the same flower.
Pea plants grow quickly and do not require much space.
The traits that Mendel studied are listed below:
Form of ripe seed (R) – smooth or wrinkled
Color of seed albumen (Y) – yellow or green
Color of flower (P) – purple or white
Form of ripe pods (I) – inflated or constricted
Color of unripe pods (G) – green or yellow
Position of flowers (A) – axial or terminal
Length of stem (T) – tall or dwarf
Answer:
Mendel’s Experiments: Teacher's Manual
Background
In this web lab, students experiment with garden pea plants (Pisum sativum) as did Austrian monk Gregor Mendel (1822-1884). Mendel chose to experiment with peas because they possessed four important qualities:
Peas had been shown to be true-breeding (all offspring will have the same characteristic generation after generation).
Peas exhibit a variety of contrasting traits (purple vs. white flowers; round vs. wrinkled seeds).
The shape of the pea flower protected it from foreign pollen. Peas usually reproduce by self-pollination, in which pollen produced by a flower fertilizes eggs in the same flower.
Pea plants grow quickly and do not require much space.
The traits that Mendel studied are listed below:
Form of ripe seed (R) – smooth or wrinkled
Color of seed albumen (Y) – yellow or green
Color of flower (P) – purple or white
Form of ripe pods (I) – inflated or constricted
Color of unripe pods (G) – green or yellow
Position of flowers (A) – axial or terminal
Length of stem (T) – tall or dwarf
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The Web Lab
This web lab has five sections that are accessible through the “Sections” button in the lower left-hand corner of the screen. Students can explore the entire web lab by clicking through or can jump to specific sections by using the menu. Each section is described below.
Introduction
Mendel is the guide for students throughout the web lab. When he first appears, he says, “Hello. My name is Gregor Mendel. I lived in Austria in the 1800s long before anyone knew about genes and genetics. I experimented with plants to study how traits are passed from parents to offspring ad discovered the basic rules of inheritance that are still used in your textbooks today. Come and try some of my experiments to see what you can discover about inheritance. Click Next to continue.”
The next text reads, “I used pea plants because they grow quickly and easily, and it is easy to see and recognize their different traits.”
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Plant & Cross
This section of the web lab allows students to explore the traits on which Mendel experimented, then cross pea plants to see what offspring they produce.
Mendel urges students to, “Plant five pea plants and observe what they look like.” When students click the “Plant” button, the animated Mendel plants and waters five pea plants. Each of the pea plants quickly sprouts. By rolling over the plants with the cursor, the student can see the color of the pea pod, the shape of the pod, and the color and form of the ripe seed.
All of the different variations of pea plant can be seen in these growing peas, although the plants are randomly chosen each time the application is run. After they have planted and grown five plants, Mendel asks students how many distinguishing traits they see in the plants. On the next screen, he reveals that there are seven different traits:
Pea shape (round or wrinkled)
Pea color (green or yellow)
Pod shape (constricted or inflated)
Pod color (green or yellow)
Flower color (purple or white)
Plant size (tall or dwarf)
Position of flowers (axial or terminal)
These traits are all pictured in the plants below:
Students are then asked to experiment with plant crosses. Using the five plants that they grew, they can cross any plant with itself or with another plant. Students may begin to notice some patterns in the ways in which traits are inherited. For example, they may recognize that a plant with white flowers crossed with itself or another plant with white flowers will produce only white flowered plants, while a purple-flowered plant crossed with itself or another purple-flowered plant sometimes produces white-flowered offspring. By encouraging students to look at individual traits during their experimentation, you may find that they begin to recognize these patterns on their own.
After they have made five crosses, the Next button is enabled and students can move on to the following section.
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