Question

calculate relative atomic mass of chlorine
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Answer 1

Answer:

35.453 u

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Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

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Calculate relative atomic mass of chlorine.

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Before we get to relative Atomic mass of chlorine; What is exactly Relative Atomic Mass and how to calculate it?

Relative Atomic Mass: Relative atomic mass or atomic weight is a dimensionless physical quantity defined as the ratio of the average mass of atoms of a chemical element in a given sample to the atomic mass constant.

How to calculate it: The relative atomic mass of an element is calculated from:

• the mass numbers of its isotopes
• the mass numbers of its isotopesthe abundance of these isotopes

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What are Isotopes?

Isotopes: It is atoms of an element with the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.

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Chlorine:

Chlorine naturally exists as two isotopes,

$\frac{35}{17} Cl \: \: \: \small{\tt (chlorine: 35) \: and \: \frac{37}{17}Cl \: (chlorine - \: 7)}$

The abundance of chlorine-35 is 75% and the abundance of chlorine-37 is 25%. In other words, in every 100 chlorine atoms, 75 atoms have a mass number of 35, and 25 atoms have a mass number of 37.

To calculate the relative atomic mass, Ar, of chlorine:

$Ar = \frac{total \: mass \: of \: atoms}{total \: number \: of \: atoms}$

Here, Ar: Chlorine's Relative Atomic Mass.

$Ar = \frac{(35 \times 75) + (37 \times 25)}{75 + 25} \: \: \: \: \\ Ar = \frac{2625 + 925}{100} = \frac{3550}{100} \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \: \\ Ar=35.5 \: \: \small\gray{\tt (to \: 1 \:decimal \: place) }$

Hence, the relative Atomic Mass of Chlorine is 35.5!

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Notice that the answer is closer to 35 than it is to 37. This is because the chlorine-35 isotope is much more abundant than the chlorine-37 isotope.

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