Question

Calculate the drift speed of the electrons when 1A of current exists in a copper wire of cross section 2mm^2 The number of free electrons in 1cm^3 of copper is 8.5xx10^22

Answer 1

Answer:

current (i) = n e A Vd

so, Vd = i / neA

converting all terms in s.i units

Answer 2

drift speed of the electrons is 3.7 × 10^-5 m/s

given, current through the copper wire, i = 1A

number of electrons in 1cm³ of copper is 8.5 × 10²².

so, number of electrons per unit volume, μ = 8.5 × 10²² × 10^6 /m³

= 8.5 × 10^28 /m³

cross sectional area of copper wire, A = 2mm²

= 2 × (10-³)² = 2 × 10-6 m²

we have to find drift speed = $v_d$

using formula, $v_d=\frac{i}{\mu eA}$

here e is charge on a electron i.e., e = 1.6 × 10^-19 C

= 1/(8.5 × 10^28 × 1.6 × 10^-19 × 2 × 10^-6)

= 1/(8.5 × 1.6 × 2 × 10³)

= 0.037 × 10^-3

= 3.7 × 10^-5 m/s

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