Question

Calculate the effective nuclear charge of 4s orbital of zinc

Answer 1

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For 4s electron,σ = (0.35 × 1) + (0.85 × 18) + (1 × 10) = 25.65.Z* = Z – σ = 30 – 25.65 = 4.35.
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Answer 2

Answer:

The effective nuclear charge of 4s orbital of zinc = 4.35.

What is the effective nuclear charge?

• Effective nuclear charge is the actual amount of positive charge experienced by an electron in atoms containing more than 1 electron.
• It is the charge experienced by the nucleus and inner electrons.
• It is represented by Zeff.

Formula for Zeff

Zeff = Z - S

Z= atomic number ( number of protons )

S= shielding constant

What is shielding?

Shielding of electrons is defined as blocking of valence shell electrons by inner electrons due to attraction between the inner electrons and the nucleus.

Calculation of S for 4s orbital of Zn

• Atomic number of Zn= 30
• Electronic configuration of Zinc 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2
• Number of electrons in nth (4) shell = 1 ; 4s
• Number of electrons in (nth-1) (3) shell =10+6+2 =18 ;3s, 3p, 3d
• Number of electrons in inner shells (2 and 1) = 2+2+6=10 ; 1s 2s 2p

Formula for S

0.35 x number of electrons in nth shell + 0.85 x Number of electrons in (nth-1) shell +1 x number of electrons in inner shells=

0.35 x 1+ 0.85 x 18 + 1 x 10 =25.65

Zeff= Z - S

        =30- 25.65

        = 4.35

Thus, the effective nuclear charge of 4s orbital of Zn is 4.35