Question

calculate the formal charge on CO2​

Answer 1

The formal charge on CO₂ is, Zero (0)

Explanation :

First we have to determine the Lewis-dot structure of $CO_2$.

Lewis-dot structure : It shows the bonding between the atoms of a molecule and it also shows the unpaired electrons present in the molecule.

In the Lewis-dot structure the valance electrons are shown by 'dot'.

The given molecule is, $CO_2$

As we know that carbon has '4' valence electrons and oxygen has '6' valence electrons.

Therefore, the total number of valence electrons in $CO_2$ = 4 + 2(6) = 16

According to Lewis-dot structure, there are 8 number of bonding electrons and 8 number of non-bonding electrons.

Now we have to determine the formal charge for each atom.

Formula for formal charge :

$\text{Formal charge}=\text{Valence electrons}-\text{Non-bonding electrons}-\frac{\text{Bonding electrons}}{2}$

$\text{Formal charge on }O_1=6-4-\frac{4}{2}=-0$

$\text{Formal charge on }O_2=6-4-\frac{4}{2}=-0$

$\text{Formal charge on C}=4-0-\frac{8}{2}=0$

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