Question

calculate the mole fraction of HCL and H2O in solution of hydrochloric acid in water containing 30% of HCL by weight​

Answer 1

Answer:-

• Mole fraction of HCl = 0.17

• Mole fraction of H₂O = 0.83

Explanation:-

In this solution, HCl [Hydrochloric acid] is solute and H₂O [Water] is solvent.

Let the total mass of the solution

be 100g.

Then, mass of HCl is 30g,

and mass of H₂O :-

= 100-30

= 70g

Molar mass of HCl :-

= 1+35.5

= 36.5g/mol

Molar mass of H₂O :-

= 1×2+16

= 18g/mol

Number of moles in 30g HCl :-

= Given Mass/Molar mass

= 30/36.5

= 0.82 mole

Number of moles in 70g H₂O :-

= Given Mass/Molar mass

= 70/18

= 3.89 mole

Mole fraction of solute [HCl] :-

= Mole of solute/Total mole in solution

= 0.82/[0.82+3.89]

= 0.82/4.71

= 0.17

Mole fraction of solvent [H₂O] :-

= Mole of solvent/Total mole in solution

= 3.89/[0.82+3.89]

= 3.89/4.71

= 0.83