Calculate the percentage increase in length of a wire of diameter 2 mm
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Answer:
Given a wire of length L,
Diameter = 2.5 mm. => Radius R = 1.25 mm = 1.25 * 10⁻³ m
Cross section area = A = π R² = π * 1.25² * 10⁻⁶ m²
Young's Modulus Y = 12.5 * 10¹¹ dynes/cm² = 1.25 * 10¹¹ N/m²
Tensile force applied on the wire along the length
F = 100 kg weight = 100 * g Newtons
= 1, 000 Newtons (g = 10 m/s²).
Stress = σ = F / A = 1, 000 /[1.25² π * 10⁻⁶] Pa
Strain = ε = ΔL / L
Young's law: Young's modulus Y = stress / strain
Y = σ / ε
ε = σ / Y
= 1, 000 / [1.25² π * 10⁻⁶ * 1.25 * 10¹¹]
= 1.63 * 10⁻³
% increase in the length of wire = ΔL / L * 100 = 100 * ε
= 0.163 %
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