Question

can a body have acceleration opposite to the direction of motion and why

Answer 1

Answer:  Yes, a body can have acceleration and velocity in opposite directions.
Examples:   

A body thrown upwards vertically. (gravity is then acting in the opposite direction)A body in simple harmonic motion. (Displacement is in the opposite direction to the acceleration).A stretched rubber band (the elastic force is opposite to the motion of the vibration) or a person on a swing.

Answer 2

yes a body have acceleration opposite to the direction of motion that is called as retardation or negative acceleration or deceleration