Can any one give notes on inductive effect and resosnance
Answers
Answer:
What is inductive effect?
Due to polarisation of molecules in sigma bond an electronic effect is produced which is called inductive effect. This is only because of the electronegativity difference between the atoms at either ends of the bond. So bond polarity is created because the more electronegative atom pulls more electrons toward itself. In this the molecule with more electronegativity has slightly negative charge whereas the other molecule has positive charge. When the electronegative atom is connected to the chain of carbon atoms then the positive charge is transferred to other atom and this is electron withdrawing effect and is also called –I effect. On the other hand some groups like alkyl groups are electron releasing in nature, this electron releasing nature is +I effect.
The strength of this effect is dependent on the distance between the main group and the substituent group. This effect gets weaker as the distance between these two groups increases.
Resonance Effect
The resonance effect is defined as ‘the polarity produced in the molecule by the interaction of two π-bonds or between a π-bond and lone pair of electrons present on an adjacent atom’. The effect is transmitted through the chain. There are two types of resonance or mesomeric effect designated as R or M effect.
Explanation:
INDUCTIVE EFFECT:
When a covalent bond is formed between atoms of different electronegativity, the electron density is more towards the more electronegative atom. This is termed as inductive effect.
RESONANCE EFFECT:
The polarity produced in a molecule by interaction of two π-bonds or between a π-bond and lone pair of electrons present on an adjacent atom is termed as resonance effect.
Hope it helps