Chemistry, asked by ProEvolution, 1 year ago

Can anyone explain me the formation of the compound Na2CO3?

Answers

Answered by Anonymous
1

Industrial Preparation of Na2CO3

Sodium trioxocarbonate(IV) is manufactured industrially by a process called “the Solvay process”.

Ammonical brine, which is made by dissolving ammonia gas in brine (25% NaCl solution) is made to run down a solvay tower, up which carbon(IV) oxide is forced.

The towers are fitted at intervals with perforated mushroom-shaped baffle-plates. These plates slow down the flow of liquid and gas, as well as present a larger surface area for the reaction.

The chemical processes for the production of Na2CO3 is thus:

(1). The CO2 reacts with the NH3 in the ammonical brine to form ammonium hydrogen trioxocarbonate(IV).

NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) reversible reaction arrow NH4HCO3(aq)

(2). The NH4HCO3 reacts with NaCl to form sodium hydrogen trioxocarbonate(IV).

NaCl(aq) + NH4HCO3(aq) → NaHCO3(s) + NH4Cl(aq)

The formed NaHCO3 is insoluble and is filtered off. It is washed and heated to obtain the anhydrous Na2CO3, together with water and CO2 (this is passed back into the tower for further use).

2NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + H2O(g) + CO2(g)

If the crystals are required, the soda ash is dissolved in hot water.

Na2CO3(s) + 10H2O(l) → Na2CO3.10H2O(aq)

Efficiency of the Process (1). The major raw materials, NaCl and CaCO3 are cheap and easily obtainable. The required CO2 is obtained by heating limestone (i.e. CaCO3), also about half of it is recovered from heating NaHCO3.


ProEvolution: Thank you very much
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