Question

Can anyone explain me topic vaccination of class12?

Answer 1

Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate adaptive immunity to a disease. Vaccines can prevent or ameliorate the effects of infection by many pathogens. There is strong evidence for the efficacy of many vaccines, such as the influenza vaccinethe HPV vaccine and the chicken pox vaccine among others. Vaccination is generally considered to be the most effective method of preventing infectious diseases. The material administered can either be live but weakened forms of pathogens (bacteria or viruses), killed or inactivated forms of these pathogens, or purified material such as proteins.

Answer 2

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Vaccination➫ Antigenic material to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen.

Vaccine➫ A substance containing a harmless form of the germs that cause a particular disease.

Ex:- SmallPox

♦ It can prevent or ameliorate infectious disease.

♦ It is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.

♦ The acellular vaccine uses selected antigens of the pertussis pathogen to induce immunity.

➧ Types 0f Vaccines are:-
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❱ Live-attenuated vaccines

❱ Inactivated vaccines

❱ Toxoid vaccines

❱ Subunit, Recombinant, Polysaccharide & Conjugate vaccines.

➧ Benefits 0f Vaccines are:-
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❱ It helps to prevent disabilities like - blindness & paralysis.

❱ It protects children from serious illness & complications of vaccines preventable diseases.

❱ They prevent diseases that can be dangerous or even deadly.

❱ They prepare the body to fight disease without exposing it to disease symptoms. 

➧ How does Vaccines works:-
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A vaccine works by training the immune system to recognize & combat pathogens - viruses or bacteria.

To do this, certain molecules from the pathogen must be introduced into the body to trigger an immune response.

These molecules are called antigens

➧ The most common and serious vaccine preventable disease tracked by the World Health Organization are:-
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❱ Diphtheria
❱ Measles
❱ Mumps
❱ Rubella
❱ Tetanus
❱ Hepatitis B
❱ Mertussis
❱ Meningitis
❱ Tuberculosis
❱ Yellow Fever
❱ Poliomyelitis

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