can anyone give me important questions of Russian Revolution (class 9, history) cbse.
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What was the cause for the French Revolution?
Solution:
The demand for individual rights was the cause for the French Revolution. The Church and the Aristocracy dominated the society. The peasants, businessmen and the rest of the society who were called the 3rd estate were dissatisfied. When living conditions became harsh the poor among the 3rd estate revolted. This lead to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France.
The French Revolution (1789–1799) was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on Enlightenment principles of citizenship and inalienable rights.
These changes were accompanied by violent turmoil which included the trial and execution of the king, vast bloodshed and repression during the Reign of Terror, and warfare involving every other major European power. Subsequent events that can be traced to the Revolution include the Napoleonic Wars, two separate restorations of the monarchy, and two additional revolutions as modern France took shape.
Question-2
Who were the Liberals, Radicals and Conservatives?
Solution:
The Liberals, Radicals and Conservatives were totally opposed in their views.
The Liberals wanted individual rights for the citizens, religious tolerance, and an elected parliament. They were not in favour of giving women the right to vote and they wanted only men with property to vote.
In contrast to the Liberals the Radicals were opposed to only wealthy men having the right to vote. They were in favour of women’s rights and wanted a Government that represented the majority of the population.
The Conservatives were truly conservative in their views . They wanted changes for the better, but wanted the changes to take place slowly, giving due respect to the past .
Question-3
What was the impact of Industrialisation?
Solution:
Due to rapid industrialisation men, women and children were forced to work in factories as their was a great demand for labourers. Labourers were made to work long hours and were paid poorly. Though industrialisation was rapid the demand for industrial goods was low . This resulted in poor working conditions. The rapid growth in towns also caused problems in housing and sanitation.
Question-4
List out the Socialist Ideas of the mid 19thcentury.
Solution:
The Socialist Ideas of the mid 19th century are as follows:
1. They were against private property.
2. Private property was the root cause for all social ills.
3. The propertied individual owners were concerned only about their own profits.
4. The welfare of the workers was neglected.
5. They wanted a society controlled property rather than the individual owned as that would pay more attention to the social interest.
Question-5
Give a brief note on the following personalities.
a. Robert Owen
b. Louis Banc of France
c. Karl Marx.
Solution:
a. Robert Owen (1771 – 1858)
Robert Owen was an English Manufacturer. He advocated a cooperative community called New Harmony in Indiana (USA).
b. Louis Banc of France (1813 – 1882)
Louis Banc wanted the government to encourage cooperatives and replace the capitalist enterprises. He advocated that people who produced the goods should form an association and the profit should be divided according to the work done.
c. Karl Marx (1818 – 1883)
Karl Marx called the industrial society as the ‘Capitalist’ society. He championed the cause of the workers and said that the condition of the workers would improve only if the workers overthrow the capitalists and the rule of private property. So. Marx said that the workers had to create a society where the property was socially controlled. Only in such a radically socialist society the workers would be freed from the capitalist exploitation. According to him such a society would be a communist society and he called it as the natural society of the future.
Solution:
The demand for individual rights was the cause for the French Revolution. The Church and the Aristocracy dominated the society. The peasants, businessmen and the rest of the society who were called the 3rd estate were dissatisfied. When living conditions became harsh the poor among the 3rd estate revolted. This lead to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France.
The French Revolution (1789–1799) was a period of political and social upheaval and radical change in the history of France, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on Enlightenment principles of citizenship and inalienable rights.
These changes were accompanied by violent turmoil which included the trial and execution of the king, vast bloodshed and repression during the Reign of Terror, and warfare involving every other major European power. Subsequent events that can be traced to the Revolution include the Napoleonic Wars, two separate restorations of the monarchy, and two additional revolutions as modern France took shape.
Question-2
Who were the Liberals, Radicals and Conservatives?
Solution:
The Liberals, Radicals and Conservatives were totally opposed in their views.
The Liberals wanted individual rights for the citizens, religious tolerance, and an elected parliament. They were not in favour of giving women the right to vote and they wanted only men with property to vote.
In contrast to the Liberals the Radicals were opposed to only wealthy men having the right to vote. They were in favour of women’s rights and wanted a Government that represented the majority of the population.
The Conservatives were truly conservative in their views . They wanted changes for the better, but wanted the changes to take place slowly, giving due respect to the past .
Question-3
What was the impact of Industrialisation?
Solution:
Due to rapid industrialisation men, women and children were forced to work in factories as their was a great demand for labourers. Labourers were made to work long hours and were paid poorly. Though industrialisation was rapid the demand for industrial goods was low . This resulted in poor working conditions. The rapid growth in towns also caused problems in housing and sanitation.
Question-4
List out the Socialist Ideas of the mid 19thcentury.
Solution:
The Socialist Ideas of the mid 19th century are as follows:
1. They were against private property.
2. Private property was the root cause for all social ills.
3. The propertied individual owners were concerned only about their own profits.
4. The welfare of the workers was neglected.
5. They wanted a society controlled property rather than the individual owned as that would pay more attention to the social interest.
Question-5
Give a brief note on the following personalities.
a. Robert Owen
b. Louis Banc of France
c. Karl Marx.
Solution:
a. Robert Owen (1771 – 1858)
Robert Owen was an English Manufacturer. He advocated a cooperative community called New Harmony in Indiana (USA).
b. Louis Banc of France (1813 – 1882)
Louis Banc wanted the government to encourage cooperatives and replace the capitalist enterprises. He advocated that people who produced the goods should form an association and the profit should be divided according to the work done.
c. Karl Marx (1818 – 1883)
Karl Marx called the industrial society as the ‘Capitalist’ society. He championed the cause of the workers and said that the condition of the workers would improve only if the workers overthrow the capitalists and the rule of private property. So. Marx said that the workers had to create a society where the property was socially controlled. Only in such a radically socialist society the workers would be freed from the capitalist exploitation. According to him such a society would be a communist society and he called it as the natural society of the future.
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