Biology, asked by mahatosisir4, 5 months ago

can epithelial layer help in oamosis support to your answer.​

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Answered by piyush433062
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Answer:

Animal cells will swell when they are placed in a hypotonic solution (i.e., one in which the concentration of solutes is lower than it is in the cytosol). Some cells, such as erythrocytes, will actually burst as water enters them by osmotic flow. Rupture of the plasma membrane by a flow of water into the cytosol is termed osmotic lysis. Immersion of all animal cells in a hypertonic solution (i.e., one in which the concentration of solutes is higher than it is in the cytosol) causes them to shrink as water leaves them by osmotic flow. Consequently, it is essential that animal cells be maintained in an isotonic medium, which has a solute concentration close to that of the cell cytosol

Even in an isotonic environment, all animal cells face a problem in maintaining their cell volume. Cells contain a large number of charged macromolecules and small metabolites that attract ions of opposite charge (e.g., K+, Ca2+, PO43−). Also recall that there is a slow leakage of extracellular ions, particularly Na+ and Cl−, into cells down their concentration gradient. As a result of these factors, in the absence of some countervailing mechanism, the cytosolic solute concentration would increase, causing an osmotic influx of water and eventually cell lysis. To prevent this, animal cells actively export inorganic ions as rapidly as they leak in. The export of Na+ by the ATP-powered Na+/K+ pump plays the major role in this mechanism for preventing cell swelling. If cultured cells are treated with an inhibitor that prevents production of ATP, they swell and eventually burst, demonstrating the importance of active transport in maintaining cell volume.

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