can someone explain me dihybrid cross between round green seeds and wrinkled yellow seeds. best answer will be marked as brainliest
Answers
Given the principles revealed in a monohybrid cross, Mendel hypothesized that the result of two characters segregating simultaneously (a dihybrid cross) would be the product of their independent occurrence. Consider two characters, seed color and seed shape. As previously shown, Y dominates y to determine seed color, and R factor for "round" dominates the r factor for "wrinkled" to determine seed shape. He then proceeded to test his hypothesis experimentally.
The P (Parental) cross is between true-breeding lines of wrinkled yellow peas (rrYY) and round green peas (RRyy). The F1 offspring are therefore all RrYy, and are all round and yellow. In forming the F2 plants, the alleles at the two loci segregate independently. That is, the chance of getting an R allele and a Y allele is 1/2 x 1/2, of getting an R and a y 1/2 x 1/2, and so on. Thus, all four possible diallelic combinations occur with an equal probability of 1/4. The same is true for both parents. Given four possible gamete types in each parent, there are 4 x 4 = 16 possible F2 combinations, and the probability of any particular dihybrid type is 1/4 x 1/4 = 1/16. The phenotypes and phenotypic ratios of these 16 genotype can be determined by inspection of the diagram above, called a Punnet Square after the geneticist who first used it.
Alternatively, recall that the phenotypic ratio expected for either character is 3:1, either 3 "Y" : 1 "y", or 3 "R" : 1 "R". Then, the expected phenotypic ratios of the two traits together can be calculated algebraically as a binomial distribution:
the cross in which two pair of character are studied called dihybrid cross.
in his second experiment Mendel use dihybrid cross. let us take an example between the plant with round and green seeds and those with wrinkled and yellow seeds. the genotype of round and yellow seed is shown by RRYY and that of wrinkled and yellow seed is shown by rryy. in the F1 generation of all the plant produce round and yellow seed which main wrinkled and green was recessive character. when plant of F1 generation are allowed to self pollinate it was observed that the most of plant in F2 generation produced four types of seeds. these are round yellow, wrinkled yellow, round green and wrinkle green. Mendel collected total 556 F2 generation.
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