Can someone explain the red marked point?
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When the electrons of s subshell do not take part in bond formation they are known as inert pair of electrons.
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those element which forms five covalent bond is caleed pentavalent element and on other those element which forms three covalent is called trivalent element.
Explanation:
1)in case of nitrogen have 7 valence electron in 2p shell so it make trivalrnt compound
2)in case of phosphorus which have 15 electron in 3p shell is it outermost shell
but nitrogen has also electron p subshell then why it has not pentavalent the reason is that nitrogen cannot expand its covalency upto 5 due to quantum theory(for further clarification go through ncert class 11 chemistry second unit ,topic- princle quantum no and azimuthal quantum no.
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