can we generalize the equation for magnetic force on charge when there is an angle between the direction of field and velocity and how
Answers
Answer:
The magnetic force on a moving charge is one of the most fundamental known. Magnetic force is as important as the electrostatic or Coulomb force. Yet the magnetic force is more complex, in both the number of factors that affects it and in its direction, than the relatively simple Coulomb force. The magnitude of the magnetic force F on a charge q moving at a speed v in a magnetic field of strength B is given by
F = qvB sin θ,
where θ is the angle between the directions of v and B. This force is often called the Lorentz force. In fact, this is how we define the magnetic field strength B—in terms of the force on a charged particle moving in a magnetic field. The SI unit for magnetic field strength B is called the tesla (T) after the eccentric but brilliant inventor Nikola Tesla (1856–1943). To determine how the tesla relates to other SI units, we solve F = qvB sin θ for B.
B
=
F
q
v
sin
θ
Because sin θ is unitless, the tesla is
1
T
=
1
N
C
⋅
m/s
=
1
N
A
⋅
m
(note that C/s = A). Another smaller unit, called the gauss (G), where 1 G = 10−4 T, is sometimes used. The strongest permanent magnets have fields near 2 T; superconducting electromagnets may attain 10 T or more. The Earth’s magnetic field on its surface is only about 5 × 10−5 T, or 0.5 G.