Can you plz help me to to explain hindi parts of speech with examples and definitions..I know it will be long but try if you can plz.
Answers
Parts of Speech (शब्द के भेद)
Just like English, which has its own basic types of words known as part of speech, Hindi on the other hand has them too. Let us learn them one by one.
Shabdo ke prakar (Parts of speech):
Parts of speech in Hindi are similar to the ones which we have in English. There are eight parts of speech namely:
1) Sangya (Noun)
2) Sarvanam (Pronoun)
3) Vesheshan (Adjectives)
4) Kriya (Verb)
5) Kriya Vesheshan (Adverb)
6) Sambandhbodhak (Preposition)
7) Sammuchyabodhak (Conjuction)
8) Vismayadibodhak (Interjection)
1) Sangya (संज्ञा, Noun):
The name of person, place or thing is called as Noun, Nouns are also known as sangya (संज्ञा) in Hindi.
(किसी भी व्यक्ति, स्थान, वस्तु आादि के नाम को संज्ञा कहते है। जैसे कमला, रोहन, मुंबई)
For Example:
● Kamla (कमला) (किसी खास लङकी का नाम।)
● Rohan (रोहन) (किसी खास लङका का नाम।)
● Mumbai (मुंबई) (किसी खास महानगर का नाम।)
The following sentences contain examples of sangya (nouns):
● Kamla padayi kr rhi hai (कमला पढाई कर रही है।) Kamla is doing study.
● Rohan bhut natkhat hai. (रोहन बहुत नटखट है।) Rohan is very naughty.
● Mumbai bhut sundar mahanagar hai. (मुंबई बहुत सुंदर महानगर है।)
2) Sarvanam (सर्वनाम, Pronoun):
Pronoun are words used in place of nouns. In Hindi, pronouns are called as sarvanam.
(संज्ञा के बदले आए हुए शब्द को उसे सर्वनाम कहते है। जैसे - वह, वो, हम, तुम, मै, तुम्हारा आदि।)
For Example:
● vah (वह) – he or she
● Voh (वो) – they
● Hum (हम) - We
● Tum (तुम) - You
● Main (मै) - I
● Tumhara (तुम्हारा) – Your
The following sentences contain examples of sarvanam (pronouns):
Humlog aaj ghumne jar he hai (हमलोग आज घूमने जा रहे है।) We have been going around today.
Mai bazaar jar hi hu.( मै बाजार जा रही हूं।) I am going to market.
3) Vesheshan (विशेषण, Adjectives):
Vesheshan also give additional information about the noun (sangya) or the pronoun (sarvanam).
(किसी भी संज्ञा अथवा सर्वनाम की विशेषता बतलाता है उसे विशेषण कहते हैं। जैसे - एक युवा लङका है।)
Example:
A Young boy. (एक युवा लङका ।)
Ek yuva larka.
Young – adjective
Boy – noun.
युवा – विशेषण
लङका – संज्ञा)
For example:
• Chatur (चतुर) – clever
• Kala (काला) – Black
• Lamba (लंबा) – Long
• Chotta (छोटा) - Small
• Yuva (युवा) – Young
The following sentences contain examples of vesheshan (adjectives):
Rohan ek chatur larka hai. (रोहन एक चतुर लड़का है।) Rohan is clever boy.
Mahesh lamba larka hai. (महेश लंबा लड़का है।) Mohan is tall boy.
4) Kriya (क्रिया, Verb):
In Hindi, the verb, specially the action verb is known as kriya (क्रिया).
(किसी वस्तु या चीज़ के विषय मे कहने के लिए जिस शब्द का प्रयोग होता है। वही शब्द क्रिया है।)
For Example:
• Khata hai (खाता है) - Eating
• Jaata hai (जाता है) - Going
• Sota hai (सोता है) - Sleeping
• Gaata hai (गाता है) - Singing
Note: the verbs given in the examples are for the singular masculine subjects. For feminine gender and singular number, the verbs are conjucted as khati hai.(खाती है), gaati hai. (गाती है), jaati hai. (जाती है). The plurals of the verbs for both genders are khate hai (खाते है), gaate hai (गाते है), jaate hai(जाते है).
The following sentences contain examples of kriya (verb):
• Sita mithai kha rhi hai. (सीता मिठाई खा रही है।) Sita is eating sweets.
• Shaan gaana gar ha hai. (शान गाना गा रहा है।) Shaan is singing song.
5) Kriya Vesheshan (क्रिया-विशेषण, Adverb):
Kriya Vesheshan (क्रिया-विशेषण) in Hindi does the same work as done by adverbs in English. These words give additional information about the verb, adjectives, and other adverbs in a sentence.
(क्रिया को विशलेषित करने अथवा विशेषता बताने वाले शब्द को क्रिया-विशेषण कहते है।)
For Example:
• Dheere (धीरे-धीरे) – Slowly
• Tej (तेज़) – Fast
The following sentences contain examples of kriya visheshan.
Ram dhire dhire khana khata hai. (राम धीरे-धीरे खाना खाता है) Ram eats food slowly.
Rabbit bhut tej daud rha hai. (खरगोश बहुत तेज दौड़ रहा है।) Rabbit is running very fast.
Answer:
Parts of Speech (शब्द के भेद). Just like English, which has its own basic types of words known as part of speech, Hindi on the other ...