Question

carbon also forms a covalent bond ​

Answer 1

Because carbon has 4 electrons in its outermost shell (and because each covalent bond requires a donation of 1 electron, per atom, to the bond) carbon has exactly four bonds to make, and is only stable if all 4 of these bonds are used. This same rule applies to all of the atoms in the second row of the periodic table.

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Answer 2

carbon has exactly four bonds to make, and is only stable if all 4 of these bonds are used.