Carbon dioxide (CO2) is involved in many reactions, either as a reactant or as a product. Since it is also involved in the greenhouse effect, propose two actions to counter this effect: one in which carbon dioxide is involved as a reactant, and another in which it is involved as a product.
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Many different gases make up Earth’s atmosphere. Nitrogen alone accounts for 78 percent. Oxygen, in second place, makes up another 21 percent. Many other gases comprise the remaining 1 percent. Several (such as helium and krypton) are chemically inert. That means they don’t react with others. Other bit players have the ability to act like a blanket for the planet. These have come to be known as greenhouse gases.
Like the windows in a greenhouse, these gases trap energy from the sun as heat. Without their role in this greenhouse effect, Earth would be quite frosty. Global temperatures would average around -18° Celsius (0° Fahrenheit), according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Instead, the surface of our planet averages around 15 °C (59 °F), making it a comfy place for life.
Since about 1850, though, human activities have been releasing extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has slowly propelled a rise in average temperatures across the globe. Overall, the 2017 global average was 0.9 degree C (1.6 degrees F) higher than it had been between 1951 and 1980. That’s based on calculations by NASA.
Stephen Montzka is a research chemist with NOAA in Boulder, Colo. There are four main greenhouse gases to worry about, he says. The best known is carbon dioxide (CO2). The others are methane, nitrous oxide and a group that contains chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and their replacements. (CFCs are refrigerants that have played a role in thinning the planet’s
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