Question

Cations are smaller than their corresponding atoms whereas anions are larger. Why?

Answer 1

an atom gains electrons to form an anion and so, it is larger than the original atom

however, an atom loses electrons to forn a cation and thus, it is smaller tha the original atom

i hope it helps!!

Answer 2

Cations and Anions.Neutral atoms that have gained an electron are called anions, and they are much larger than their respective atoms. As an additional electron occupies an outer orbital, there is increased electron-electron repulsion (and hence, increased shielding) which pushes the electrons further apart.