Causes and consequences of cyclone and what tool are used to measure the intensity of cylone
Answers
Causes of Cyclone :
It is caused by a combination of strong winds driving water onshore and the lower atmospheric pressure in a tropical cyclone. In the southern hemisphere the onshore winds occur to the left of the tropical cyclone's path. Tropical cyclones are like giant engines that use warm, moist air as fuel. That is why they form only over warm ocean waters near the equator. The warm, moist air over the ocean rises upward from near the surface. Because this air moves up and away from the surface, there is less air left near the surface.
Effects of Cyclone :
The main effects of tropical cyclones include heavy rain, strong wind, large storm surges at landfall, and tornadoes. Even well inland, heavy rainfall can lead to mudslides and landslides in mountainous areas.
Tools used to measure the intensity of cyclone :
1 - Saffir-Simpson Scale
The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale was developed as a tool for categorizing hurricanes according to sustained wind strength, measured for one minute, at approximately 10 meters (33 feet) above the water's surface.
2 - Ocean Temperature Measurement
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) microwave images and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometers (AMSR-E) measure temperatures of ocean surface waters, which determine the direction a hurricane will travel and potential hurricane intensity.
3 - Satellites
Scientist Vernon Dvorak developed a method for estimating hurricane strength by comparing satellite images with physical characteristics of the hurricane.
4 - Buoys
Buoys remain the last man - made structure in the waters in and near hurricanes, and because they don't travel, buoys are suitable for the attachment of weather measuring instrumentation.
5 - Reconnaissance Aircraft
Hurricane reconnaissance airplanes fly into hurricanes to measure wind speeds and barometric pressure and visually inspect the ocean surface.
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