Question

causes of american war of independence

Answer 1

Answer:

Defective Administration: ...

Restrictions on Colonial Trade: ...

Influence of Seven Years War: ...

Role of the Writers and Philosophers: ...

The Stamp Act (1765): ...

The Declaratory Act (1766): ...

Townshend's Policy: ...

Lord North's Measures:

Explanation:

1. Defective Administration:

The Administrative System of England in the American Colonies was defective. Each Colony had its Assembly and the elected members.

But, the nominated governor to each colony by the British Parliament became intolerable on the part of the Colonists. Many times conflict between the Governors and the elected representatives of different colonies became inevitable. The Governors did not do anything without the permission of British Parliament.2. Restrictions on Colonial Trade:

The British Government regulated the colonial trade for her own advantage. The trade policy of England was the colonies were.

The Navigation Act which was passed in 1660 was again practised by George Greneville, the Prime Minister of England. Before this Act, the Colonist’s accepted the manufactured goods of England only by exporting the raw materials to England. But when the Navigation Act was re­introduced, the Americans were forbidden to export their native products directly to other European countries. They could import their necessary goods only through England from other countries. The British Government imposed taxes on the American Colonies.

In order to impose, more tax on the colonial imports, the British Parliament strengthened the ‘Molasses Act’ which was originally passed in 1773 by the British Parliament. By this Act the American Colonies were permitted to import Molasses only from the British West Indies. It annoyed the colonists and they became revolutionary.

3. Influence of Seven Years War:

ADVERTISEMENTS:

The Seven Years War which was started in 1756 and ended in 1763 had an impact on the American Colonies. By defeating France, England occupied Canada. The Americans were freed from the French menace. This enabled the people to stand by themselves. They did not feel the necessity of maintaining the British army at their own expense. After this seven years war the American Colonies began to be revolutionary.

4. Role of the Writers and Philosophers:

The Writers and Philosophers played an important role in the American War of Independence. Thomas Paine through this writing ‘Commonsense’ inspired the Americans to raise their voice against the British Government. Samuel Adams, another writer sowed the seed of independence among the Americans through his writings. Besides this, the Americans were influenced by the writings of Locke, Rousseau, Adam Smith and Milton.

5. The Stamp Act (1765):

To meet the additional expenditure of the standing army in the American Colonies, England decided that American Colonists should bear that expense. So, George Greneville, the Prime Minister during the reign of George III passed the Stamp Act in 1765. The Act directed that in the American Colonies, the government papers, legal documents, receipts should be written or printed on Stamp Paper. The tax which was collected from this stamp was to be used for the expenditure of the Standing Army in America. It created storm in America. They destroyed the stamp papers. “No Taxation without Representation” or “Taxation without representation is tyranny”, became their cry. This gave impetus to the revolution.

6. The Declaratory Act (1766):

The Stamp Act made Grenville unpopular and he was dismissed. Rockingham succeeded him. He passed the Declaratory Act in 1766. It repealed the Stamp Act. It declared that the Mother country had the right to impose taxes on the Colonies. This created a storm among the Americans and they became revolutiona