causes of climate change in points atleast 10points
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Answer:
- Strength of the sun
Only about 40 per cent of the solar energy intercepted at the top of the atmosphere passes through to the Earth’s surface. Almost all of the energy that affects the climate on the Earth originates from the Sun. The energy emitted by the sun passes through space until it hits the Earth’s atmosphere. Only about 40 per cent of the solar energy intercepted at the top of the atmosphere passes through to the Earth’s surface. The rest is reflected or absorbed by the atmosphere. The energy output of the sun is not constant, it varies over time and it has an impact on our climate.
- Changes in the Earth’s orbit
The Earth’s orbit around the Sun is an ellipse, not a circle but the ellipse changes shape. Sometimes it is almost circular and the Earth stays approximately the same distance from the Sun as it progresses around its orbit. At other times the ellipse is more pronounced so that the Earth moves closer and further away from the sun as it orbits. When the Earth is closer to the sun our climate is warmer.
- Circular orbit
Circular orbit.Elliptical orbit – when the Earth is closer to the Sun, its climate is warmer Elliptical orbit – when the Earth is closer to the Sun, its climate is warmer.
- Changes in the orientation of the Earth’s axis of rotation
The Earth showing angle of axis of rotation. When the angle increases the summers become warmer and the winters become colder. The Earth rotates around an axis (imagine a line that joins the north and south poles) but the Earth’s axis is not upright, it leans at an angle. This angle changes with time and over about 41 000 years it moves from 22.1 degrees to 24.5 degrees and back again. When the angle increases the summers become warmer and the winters become colder.
- Quantity of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
The gases that contribute most to the Earth's greenhouse effect are: water vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane and ozone. (Photo: Getty Images)The gases that contribute most to the Earth's greenhouse effect are: water vapour, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane and ozone. These include carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour. Of these three, water vapour makes the greatest contribution to the greenhouse effect because there is more of it. These gases trap solar radiation (electromagnetic radiation emitted by the Sun) in the Earth’s atmosphere, making the climate warmer.
- Carbon dioxide content of the oceans
The oceans contain more carbon dioxide (CO2) than the atmosphere and they can also absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. When the CO2 is in the oceans it does not trap heat as it does when it is in the atmosphere. If CO2 leaves the oceans and moves back into the atmosphere this can contribute towards a warmer climate.
- Plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions
Over time, plate tectonic processes cause continents to move to different positions on the globe. For example, Britain was near to the equator 300 million years ago, and therefore was hotter than it is today. For further details look at our Climate through time poster or online map. The movement of the plates also causes volcanoes and mountains to form and these too can contribute to a change in climate. Mountain ranges formed by plate tectonics. Large mountain chains can influence the circulation of air around the globe, and consequently influence the climate. Warm air might be deflected somewhere cooler by the mountains.
- Mountain ranges formed by plate tectonics.
Large mountain chains can influence the circulation of air around the globe, and consequently influence the climate. Warm air might be deflected somewhere cooler by the mountains. Volcanoes formed by plate tectonics. Volcanoes affect the climate through the gases and dust particles thrown into the atmosphere during eruptions. The effect of the volcanic gases and dust may warm or cool the Earth's surface, depending on how sunlight interacts with the volcanic material.
- Volcanoes formed by plate tectonics.
Volcanoes affect the climate through the gases and dust particles thrown into the atmosphere during eruptions. The effect of the volcanic gases and dust may warm or cool the Earth's surface, depending on how sunlight interacts with the volcanic material.
- Ocean currents
Global ocean currents. Oceans store a large amount of heat, so that small changes in ocean currents can have a large effect on coastal and global climate. Ocean currents carry heat around the Earth. The direction of these currents can shift so that different areas become warmer and cooler. Oceans store a large amount of heat, so that small changes in ocean currents can have a large effect on coastal and global climate.
- Vegetation coverage on the land
On a global scale, patterns of vegetation and climate are closely correlated. Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide and this can buffer some of the effects of global warming.
Explanation:-
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Explanation:
Scientists have determined that the major factors causing the current climate change are greenhouse gases, land use changes, and aerosols and soot.
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