causes of poverty and poverty alleviation programs initiated by government..
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Answer:
Explanation:
# CAUSES OF POVERTY
● One historical reason is the low level of economic development under British colonial administration. The policies of the colonial government ruined traditional handicrafts and discouraged development of industries like textiles.
● This resulted in less job opportunities and low growth rate of incomes. This was accompanied by a high growth rate of population. This made the growth rate of per capita income very low.
● With the spread of irrigation and the Green Revolution, many job opportunities were created in the agriculture sector.But the effects were limited to some parts of India and these were not enough to absorb all the job seekers.
● Another feature of high poverty rates has been the huge income inequalities. One of the major reasons for this was unequal distribution of land and other resources.
● Many other socio cultural and economic factors also are responsible for poverty. Since poor people hardly have any savings, they borrow.Unable to repay because of poverty, they become victims of indebtedness. So the high level of indebtedness is both the cause and effect of poverty.
# ANTI POVERTY MEASURES
☆MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL
RURAL EMPLOYMENT
GUARANTEE ACT (2005)
▪This programme aims to provide 100 days of wage employment to every household to ensure livelihood security in rural areas.
☆ PRIME MINISTER ROZGAR
YOZANA( 1993)
▪The aim of the programme is to create self employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns
☆ RURAL EMPLOYMENT
GENERATION PROGRAMME
(1995)
▪ The aim of the programme is to create self employment opportunities in rural areas and small towns.
☆ SWARNAJAYANTHI GRAM
SWAROZGAR YOJANA (1999)
▪ The programme aims at bringing the assisted poor families above the poverty line by organising them into self help groups through a mix of bank credit and government subsidy.
☆ PRADHAN MANTHRI
GRAMODAYA YOZANA (2000)
▪ It aims to provide basic services such as primary health, primary education, rural shelter, rural drinking water and rural electrification.
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