Causes of the first three Anglo maratha war
Answers
Mahadji Shinde and Tukojirao Holkar commanded the Maratha army.
In this battle the British were badly defeated. The British Forces surrendered at Wadgaon in 1779, on January 12.
4 days later on January 16, the British signed a treaty of Wadgaon as per the terms of the Marathas. As per this treaty, the British relinquished all the territories acquired by the East India Company in Western India since 1773 and promised to pay Rs. 41 thousand as indemnity to Mahadji Scindia. Raghunathrao was captured and imprisoned.
But this Treaty of Wadgaon was held invalid by Warren Hastings, who quoted that the Presidency of Bombay had no legal power to sign such treaty.
The Calcutta Presidency sent another force which harassed Mahadji at Sipri.
Accordingly a new treaty called “Treaty of Salbai” was signed between the British and the Marathas.
REASON FOR FIRST ANGLO MARATHA WAR:
The first Anglo-Maratha War triggered off because the English got themselves involved in the domestic affairs of the Marathas with the motive of deriving certain privileges.
After the third battle of Panipath, the Marathas sought to unite themselves under the leadership of Nana Phadnavis around Peshwa Madhav Rao II.
But one Raghunath Rao claimed for himself the office of the Peshwa and appealed to the English for help: The English, who espoused the cause of Raghunath Rao, thus got involved in a war with the Marathas (1775).
Initially, the English suffered reverses and were compelled to sign the convention of Wadgaon (1779). The matter worsened for the English when the Nizam and Haidar Ali also declared war against them.
In the teeth of the crisis Warren Hastings acted with sagacity. He saved the situation for the English by alienating the belligerent parties from one another.
The Maratha force was joined by Mahadji Shinde, the “most celebrated & Brave Maratha” after Shivaji. The combined Maratha forces fought with the forces of the British and Raghunath Rao at Wadgaon.
Mahadji Shinde and Tukojirao Holkar commanded the Maratha army.
In this battle the British were badly defeated. The British Forces surrendered at Wadgaon in 1779, on January 12.
4 days later on January 16, the British signed a treaty of Wadgaon as per the terms of the Marathas. As per this treaty, the British relinquished all the territories acquired by the East India Company in Western India since 1773 and promised to pay Rs. 41 thousand as indemnity to Mahadji Scindia. Raghunathrao was captured and imprisoned.
But this Treaty of Wadgaon was held invalid by Warren Hastings, who quoted that the Presidency of Bombay had no legal power to sign such treaty.
The Calcutta Presidency sent another force which harassed Mahadji at Sipri.
Accordingly a new treaty called “Treaty of Salbai” was signed between the British and the Marathas.
REASON FOR FIRST ANGLO MARATHA WAR:
The first Anglo-Maratha War triggered off because the English got themselves involved in the domestic affairs of the Marathas with the motive of deriving certain privileges.
After the third battle of Panipath, the Marathas sought to unite themselves under the leadership of Nana Phadnavis around Peshwa Madhav Rao II.
But one Raghunath Rao claimed for himself the office of the Peshwa and appealed to the English for help: The English, who espoused the cause of Raghunath Rao, thus got involved in a war with the Marathas (1775).
Initially, the English suffered reverses and were compelled to sign the convention of Wadgaon (1779). The matter worsened for the English when the Nizam and Haidar Ali also declared war against them.
In the teeth of the crisis Warren Hastings acted with sagacity. He saved the situation for the English by alienating the belligerent parties from one another.