Question

cbse class 11 economy chapter 1 notes​

Answer 1

Answer:

Agricultural Sector on the Eve of Independence

India’s agricultural sector (on the eve of independence) exhibited three principal characteristics, these characteristics pointed to backwardness of India’s agriculture as well as its stagnation

Low level of productivity

High degree of vulnerability

A wedge between owners of the soil and tillers of the soil.

Factors causing backwardness and stagnation of Indian agriculture during the British rule

Land revenue settlement under the British Raj

Forced commercialisation of agriculture

Industrial Sector

“Systematic de-industrialisation” is the term that describes the status of industrial sector during the British rule. It implied two things

Decay of world famous traditional handicraft industry owing to discriminatory policies of the British Government.

Bleak growth of modern industry now to lack of investment opportunities.

Two-fold motive behind the systematic .(industrialisation during the British Rule in India.

To exploit India’s wealth of raw material and primary products. It was required to fulfill the emerging needs of industrial inputs in the wake of industrial revolution in Britain.

To exploit India as a potential market for the industrial products of Britain.

Foreign Trade India had occupied a place of eminence in the area of Foreign trade, since ancient times. But the British rule in India ended this eminence.

Drain of India’s Wealth

Huge administrative expenses were incurred by the British Government to manage their colonial i ale in India. Also huge expenses were incurred by the British Government to fight wars in pursuit of their policy of imperialism.