cell conserned with cell division
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The study of the cell cycle focuses on mechanisms that regulate the timing and frequency of DNA duplication and cell division. As a biological concept, the cell cycle is defined as the period between successive divisions of a cell. During this period, the contents of the cell must be accurately replicated. Microscopists had known about cell division for more than one hundred years, but not until the 1950s, through the pioneering work of Alma Howard and Stephen Pelc, did they become aware that DNA replication took place only at a specific phase of the cell cycle and that this phase was clearly separated from mitosis. Howard and Pelc's work in the broad bean, Vicia faba, revealed that the cell goes through many discrete phases before and after cell division. From this understanding, scientists then identified the four characteristic phases of the cell cycle: mitosis (M), gap 1 (G1), DNA synthesis (S), and gap 2 (G2). The study of these phases, the proteins that regulate them, and the complex biochemical interactions that stop or start DNA replication and cell division (cytokinesis) are the primary concerns of cell cycle biologists.
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τнє ρriмαry cσทcєrท σƒ cєℓℓ ∂ivisiσท is τнє мαiทτєทαทcє σƒ τнє σrigiทαℓ cєℓℓ's gєทσмє. вєƒσrє ∂ivisiσท cαท σccυr, τнє gєทσмic iทƒσrмατiσท τнατ is sτσrє∂ iท cнrσмσsσмєs мυsτ вє rєρℓicατє∂, αท∂ τнє ∂υρℓicατє∂ gєทσмє мυsτ вє sєραrατє∂ cℓєαทℓy вєτωєєท cєℓℓs.
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