Question

Cells of the epidermis derive from stem cells of the stratum basale. Describe how the cells change as they become integrated into the different layers of the epidermis.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Cells of the epidermis derive from stem cells of the stratum basale.The nuclei and other cell organelles disintegrate as the cells die, leaving behind the keratin, keratohyalin, and cell membranes that form the stratum lucidum and the stratum corneum. The keratinocytes in these layers are mostly dead and flattened.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Explanation:

• The five layers of epithelial cells include stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum corneum and stratum lucidum.
• All the cells in the four layers except the stratum basale are called the keratinocytes.
• The stratum basale is made up of a monolayer of basal cells. These cells act like stem cells or precursors to the keratinocytes.
• The basal cells constantly undergo mitosis producing new cells. These new cells are pushed superficially from this layer.

• The cells on reaching startum spinosum underdoes significiant changes. They are -

1. The cells began to produce keratin when they reach stratum spinosum. They also began to develop cell processes like desmosomes, which helps in connecting in between the cells.
2. The keratinocytes are then pushed to stratum granulosum, where they become flattened, and thicken their cell membrane.
3. They also generate larger amounts of keratin and keratohyaliin.
4. The cell gradually dies leaving behind the keratin, keratohyalin, and cell membranes forming the stratum lucidum and the stratum corneum.